이탈리아의 사회센터운동
Social Center('centri sociali') Movement in Italy
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This article aims to describe the Social Center('centri sociali') Movement in Italy and tries to find its meanings. In the 68 revolution of Italy, student movement went hand in hand with worker's movement, and social movement continued all through the 1970s. In the course of such stream, 'Reclaim the city' slogan had emerged, and then the social center movement had begun. Radical youth occupied vacant buildings and sites, transformed them into their own free spaces. These social centers had survived during 1980s by making concerts and struggling against the eviction of police. Since the second half of 1980s, social center movement has been activated against the privatization and reduction of public space. New occupation wave reactivated the social center movement which made more positive activities than before. Social centers did not only make cultural events but also perform political campaigns, diverse social services. And social centers self-produce and have a principle of self management. They tried to orient toward spaces and management independent from capitalist market and state. Also they have created another market relation and tried to cooperate closely with local society. Recently the issues of the legalization of occupied site and the intervention in local politics has been disputed within and among social centers. Still, social centers deployed various activities at the margin between legality and illegality. Moreover, members of social centers go beyond regional scene, involve in the movement at the national and global scene. Social centers made organizations such as ‘Tute Bianche’ and ‘Ya Basta association’, exhibited new form of demonstration, and involved in global solidarity and alternative(anti)- globalization movement. Social center movement in Italy reveals the process by which minor movements have been transformed into global movements. Social centers construct free spaces by creating deterritorialized zones within a country, perform diverse social services at a local, national, and global level. Moreover, social centers creates other communes by experimenting new form of cooperation and lifestyle. This current is the way to weaken the state power by creating various alternative micro-communes free from state.
Abstract
This article aims to describe the Social Center('centri sociali') Movement in Italy and tries to find its meanings. In the 68 revolution of Italy, student movement went hand in hand with worker's movement, and social movement continued all through the 1970s. In the course of such stream, 'Reclaim the city' slogan had emerged, and then the social center movement had begun. Radical youth occupied vacant buildings and sites, transformed them into their own free spaces. These social centers had survived during 1980s by making concerts and struggling against the eviction of police. Since the second half of 1980s, social center movement has been activated against the privatization and reduction of public space. New occupation wave reactivated the social center movement which made more positive activities than before. Social centers did not only make cultural events but also perform political campaigns, diverse social services. And social centers self-produce and have a principle of self management. They tried to orient toward spaces and management independent from capitalist market and state. Also they have created another market relation and tried to cooperate closely with local society. Recently the issues of the legalization of occupied site and the intervention in local politics has been disputed within and among social centers. Still, social centers deployed various activities at the margin between legality and illegality. Moreover, members of social centers go beyond regional scene, involve in the movement at the national and global scene. Social centers made organizations such as ‘Tute Bianche’ and ‘Ya Basta association’, exhibited new form of demonstration, and involved in global solidarity and alternative(anti)- globalization movement. Social center movement in Italy reveals the process by which minor movements have been transformed into global movements. Social centers construct free spaces by creating deterritorialized zones within a country, perform diverse social services at a local, national, and global level. Moreover, social centers creates other communes by experimenting new form of cooperation and lifestyle. This current is the way to weaken the state power by creating various alternative micro-communes free from state.
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