그리스인 프로메테우스의 아랍 여행 －프로메테우스 신화 차용과 아랍적 변용－

Abstract

Many Greek myths were borrowed in the lots of Arabic poems in modern times. In fact the Greek myths were tabooed because of their gods’ tales. In the Arabic poetry built up on Islam that believes in the Only God Allah,another gods were naturally tabooed. Meantime some poets in the beginnings of twenties introduced the Greek myths in their poems. But the full-scaled start was from the 1950’s Tammuzian poets who wrote their many poems by the myths and prototypes having the image of the death and revival. They want to express their own and their countrymen’s hopes for the revival from their collapse and hopelessness through the Greek myths of the death and revival. Especially, some poets borrowed some images from the myth of Prometheus. They were the Tusian poet Abu al-Qasim al-Shabbi, the Iraqi poet Abdu al-Wahab al-Bayyati, and the Palestinian-Iraqi poet Jabra Ibrahim Jabra. First, Shabbi expressed his own sufferings of his heart disease and his counterforces through Prometheus’ eternal punishment and his pecked liver. And also he borrowed the image of the air king from the eagle of Zeus and declared to live as a grand-looking person like an eagle. Next, Bayyati borrowed the image of chained Prometheus to express the suppressed freedom of Iraq. And hetook the cruel image of the eagle which pecked the liver of Prometheus to show the dictatorship and his puppets which suppressed himself and his countrymen through the terrorism. Finally, Jabra borrowed the sacrifice and endure of Prometheus which stole the fire from Zeus and after that was punished to the endless pain but didn’t regret at all. And it’s to symbolize the unyielding resistance of Algerians which resisted against the French trusteeship for 130 years. And also he borrowed the Zeus to show the terror and extortion of the French imperialism and borrowed the eagle of Zeus’ errand to express the cruel puppet government of the French imperialism. Like this some modern Arabic poets effectively and successfully expressed their sufferings and the hope for their life through the myth of Prometheus.