아테네 해상제국과 신들의 경쟁－고전기 건축과 문학에 투영된 포세이돈과 아테나－
Athens’ Thalassocracy and The Contention of Athena and Poseidon
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The myth of the contention between Athena and Poseidon for Attica isrepresented both in the pediment of the Parthenon and the temple ofErechtheion. In this article, I argue that the story of the struggle betweenAthena and Poseidon for Attica symbolizes the struggle between land powerand sea power and Poseidon gained more importance during in the latter partof the fifth century BC. Athena represented the traditional society based on theland and hoplites while Poseidon represented Athens’ thalassocracy and Nautesespecially after the Delian League. During the Peloponnesian war, the sea power became more crucial for avictory against Sparta, which means Poseidon gained more importance for theAthenians. The construction of Erechtheion in spite of the difficult economicsituation during the Peloponnesian war symbolizes the rising importance ofPoseidon. However among Athenians, there were people against the policy ofthalassocracy.The representative writers are Euripides and Platon. Euripides’ theErechtheus and Platon’s Atlantis-story were written to criticize Poseidon andAthens’ thalassocracy.
Abstract
The myth of the contention between Athena and Poseidon for Attica isrepresented both in the pediment of the Parthenon and the temple ofErechtheion. In this article, I argue that the story of the struggle betweenAthena and Poseidon for Attica symbolizes the struggle between land powerand sea power and Poseidon gained more importance during in the latter partof the fifth century BC. Athena represented the traditional society based on theland and hoplites while Poseidon represented Athens’ thalassocracy and Nautesespecially after the Delian League. During the Peloponnesian war, the sea power became more crucial for avictory against Sparta, which means Poseidon gained more importance for theAthenians. The construction of Erechtheion in spite of the difficult economicsituation during the Peloponnesian war symbolizes the rising importance ofPoseidon. However among Athenians, there were people against the policy ofthalassocracy.The representative writers are Euripides and Platon. Euripides’ theErechtheus and Platon’s Atlantis-story were written to criticize Poseidon andAthens’ thalassocracy.
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