문헌자료로 본 전남지역 馬韓小國의 위치

Abstract

This paper examines the matter of the locations of the small states of Mahan(馬韓) recorded in textual materials with spatial limitation within Jeonnam area. It is believed that the Mahan states in Jeonnam area maintained their independence even after those in the north of Noryeong mountains were captured by Baekje(百濟). Thus, Jeonnam area becomes an important and unique research theme regarding the matters of Mahan. From this perspective, which Mahan states were located in the area is as important as it can provide basic materials for the researches on Mahan. From such a point of view, this paper does not attempt to assert a new theory nor to reach a new conclusion; rather, to summarize the previous researches and to look for clues of Mahan states that can be located into Jeonnam area. As the result, this paper suggests that 13 Mahan states, that are Makro-guk(莫盧國)·Gorap-guk(古臘國)·Yimsoban-guk(臨素半國)·Sinwunsin-guk (臣雲新國)·Yeoraebiri-guk(如來卑離國)·Chosandobiri-guk(楚山塗卑離國)·Yilnan-guk (一難國)·Guhae-guk(狗奚國)·Bulwun-guk(不雲國)·Bulsabunya-guk (不斯분邪國)·Wonji-guk(爰池國)·Geonma-guk(乾馬國)·Chori-guk(楚離國), can be located into Jeonnam area, which is merely a reargument of Cheon Gwanwu(千寬宇)``s conclusion. Also, this paper re-confirms that up to the present there is no more accurate and more definite achievement than Cheon Gwanwu``s research, at least in the field of textual history. For the reason, his conclusion is still valuable. Furthermore, it is verified that Cheon Gwanwu``s theory is referred even in the field of archaeology. Meanwhile, regarding the Mahan sphere in Jeonnam area, there is an opinion that the arguable ``比利피中布彌支半古四邑`` in Nihon Shoki is viewed as 4 city-states of Biri(比利)·Byeokjung(피中)·Pomiji(布彌支)·Ban-go(半古). Nevertheless, it can be assumed more valid that the part should be interpreted as 5 city-states of ``Biri(比利)·Byeokjung(피中)·Pomi(布彌)·Jiban(支半) ·Gosa-eup(古四邑),`` and that they can be located into Bu-an, Gimje, Jeong-eup, and Gobu in Jeonbuk area.