호남지역 마한·백제 발굴자료의 현황과 특징 -2014년을 대상으로-

Abstract

This paper presents summary of data related to Mahan and Baekje Dynasty spanning fromearly iron Age to the period of the Three States in relation to the relics that were excavatedand investigated in 2014, along with a review of characteristics of such relics. Wooden coffintombs in early iron Age were found mainly in the area adjacent to Jeonju until recently. 10pit tombs were found from the relics in Gugichon, Naju, attracting attention from academicsocieties. Wooden coffins were made of roundwood, and particularly, wooden coffin relics havebeen found to be primarily shamantic materials made from iron, rather than agricultural tools. Specifically, iron implements are the relics that have been found only in the limited time zone ofYeongnam Region, providing a window into the relations of exchange in both regions. Meanwhile, important relics were found in the settlement and sepulcher formed in the periodof the Three States. From the investigation of East Hampyeong Industrial Complex, large-scalesettlement was found which had residential space and ritual space separated from each otherbased on multiple moat site. In Onsu, Onsu-dong, Naju, facilities related to funeral ceremonyinside the tombs were found. Although more specific investigation may be needed, those relicsprovide insight into entire ritual process in the construction of sepulcher which is meaningfulvery much. The relics in Wangchon-ri, Gochang included the specific cylindrical earthenware whichwas found in sepulcher located at Yeongsan River Basin, suggesting that both regions wereclosely related. In Jeongchon Tomb in Naju which forms the largest ancient tomb site in thisregion, various relics were found, such as earthenware, harness, weapons, stone pillow, etc.,including the gilt-bronze ornamental shoes from the stone sepulchral chamber. Once additional investigation is carried out, evaluation of ancient tombs will be conducted. Clearly, those tombsgive impression that the water burial layer in Yeongsan River Basin had magnificent appearance. From the trial excavation of ancient tombs in Geumsan-ri, Hampyeong, Chinese porcelain,Japanese style relics, terracotta clay figures, etc., were excavated, as well as the indigenous relicsfrom Yeongsan River Basin. If the excavation is carried out, the dynamic relationship with severalneighboring countries in the 5th to 6th century is expected to be revealed. Besides, fortress,kiln site, temple site, etc., which will be investigated altogether, are expected to provide insightinto ancient culture of Mahan and Baekje societies in Honam Region.