2021~2023년 호남지역 백제고고학 조사･연구의 성과와 과제－영산강･고흥반도권을 중심으로－

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to re-examine future research projects by reviewing the survey and research contents related to Baekje archaeology conducted in the Honam area from 2021 to 2023. Recently, academic excavation surveys related to Mahan and Baekje archaeology have been actively conducted in the Honam area as part of the Mahan Historical and Cultural Area Improvement Project. As a result of the survey, major academic research achievements and future tasks are largely concentrated into three categories. First, it is a research project related to the heterogeneity of Mahan tomb customs. In the Yeongsan River basin, new cases of dongsijang(同時葬) are being identified. Accordingly, it is necessary to carefully discuss the background of the socio-cultural change in which new ideas are transplanted into the burial site in the mid-5th century. Second, it is a matter of reinterpretation of mound-related materials without the main character. This is discussed as an empty tomb or mound-shaped embankment with the characteristics of a ritual object. Since similar cases have recently been reported not only in the Yeongsan River but also in the Jeonbuk region, it is necessary to be cautious to view them all as tombs. Third, a number of Sabi Baekje tombs from the mid-6th century to the 7th century have recently been identified in the southern part of the Goheung Peninsula. These tombs are located geopolitically on the southern coast route that connects with the Yeosu Peninsula of the Seomjingang River system, so you can understand the background of the construction of Baekje fortresses such as Dokchiseong and Baekchiseong. Fourth, it is a matter of discussion about the increase in Wa(倭) tomb data and the background. Data is increasing in the southwest coast of the first half of the 5th century, and the recently reported cylindrical pottery(埴輪) data of the Han River basin are in the same vein. This explains that the background of the Mahan power's growth in the Yeongsan River basin becomes clearer in its close relationship with the Baekje royal authority during the Hanseong period. It is evaluated as an important task related to the identity of the Mahan power in the Honam region and the territorialization of Baekje. Most of the archaeological materials from the Three Kingdoms period in the Honam region accumulated since the 1980s are being studied in the category of Mahan ruins. In addition, as publicity, education, and field trips targeting citizens and residents of the Mahan historical and cultural area are actively conducted, there is concern that it will be perceived that “most of the major ruins of the Three Kingdoms Period are Mahan ruins.” The Baekje Society needs to think about how to resolve this in future local history research.