The EU-Kazakhstan Partnership amid a Shifting Geopolitical Landscape
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Kazakhstan, located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, has gained increasing geopolitical significance, particularly in light of geopolitical and economic tensions. The relationship between Kazakhstan and the European Union (EU) has evolved significantly since the 1990s, moving from regional partnerships to comprehensive political, economic, and strategic cooperation. This study aims to analyze the EU's evolving engagement with Kazakhstan, focusing on key areas such as economic collaboration, energy security, green transitions, and the promotion of democracy and human rights. A mixed-methods approach is used, combining empirical data analysis, content analysis, and econometric evaluations to explore the EU’s strategies in Central Asia. Key sources include strategic documents, trade data, and policy reports. The analysis underscores Kazakhstan’s role as a strategic partner for the EU, particularly in energy exports and the development of the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route, linking Europe and Central Asia. It also highlights Kazakhstan's contributions to the EU's green energy transition through its resources in critical raw materials and renewable hydrogen.
Abstract
Kazakhstan, located at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, has gained increasing geopolitical significance, particularly in light of geopolitical and economic tensions. The relationship between Kazakhstan and the European Union (EU) has evolved significantly since the 1990s, moving from regional partnerships to comprehensive political, economic, and strategic cooperation. This study aims to analyze the EU's evolving engagement with Kazakhstan, focusing on key areas such as economic collaboration, energy security, green transitions, and the promotion of democracy and human rights. A mixed-methods approach is used, combining empirical data analysis, content analysis, and econometric evaluations to explore the EU’s strategies in Central Asia. Key sources include strategic documents, trade data, and policy reports. The analysis underscores Kazakhstan’s role as a strategic partner for the EU, particularly in energy exports and the development of the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route, linking Europe and Central Asia. It also highlights Kazakhstan's contributions to the EU's green energy transition through its resources in critical raw materials and renewable hydrogen.