가곡 연창방식에서의 ‘중대엽ㆍ만대엽과 대가’

Abstract

This study examines Gagok singing forms, 'Mandaeyeop and Daega' and 'Joongdaeyeop and Daega', which have not been known as yet. These forms are the ways to sing fast and old-style songs, 'Mandaeyeop·Joongdaeyeop' and a fast and new-style song, 'Sakdaeyeop' in pairs. The later ages' songs which had been chosen in order to make a pair were called 'Dae', 'Daega', or 'Daebatchim'. By the preceding study, it was found out that 'an original song and Daega' made a pair in the same musical tones, and that 'Joongdaeyeop·Sakdaeyeop', especially, made a pair in order of derivative songs. In this paper, I tried to clarify composition principles, the period, and aspects of record in regard to 'an original songs and Daega' in Mandaeyeop·Joongdaeyeop. The conclusion is as follows. First, I found and analyzed lyrics of five pairs of 'an original song and Daega' in 『Hyunhakguembo』. In consequence, I found that these lyrics correspond together in terms of contents. Second, through an analysis of the way 『Hyunhakguembo』 and 『Jieum』 were edited, I found out that the lyrics of 'original songs and Daega' were not rigidly fixed, but made pair by choosing among various lyrics. Accordingly, 'an original song and Daega' needs to posses both 'music counterpart' and 'lyric counterpart' in order for it to be completely composed. Third, I confirmed that the 18th century was the period that 'an original song and Daega' was primarily sung. All through that period, Sakdaeyeop, a fast singing form, was mainstream. 'An original song and Daega' was originated as a form of singing that compiles 'slow Joongdaeyeop' and 'fast Sakdaeyeop', enabling people to enjoy both old-style songs and new-style songs. Forth, even though 'an original song and Daega' is a singing form which is developed for the whole 18th century, it was hardly recorded in any musical literature. That is because this singing form was not fixed on particular lyrics but rather an open singing form that associated with different lyrics that had relevance to actual performances in each case.