특허인용의 등록유지 기간에의 영향 ―한국특허 인용 정보를 활용한 분석
The Effect of Patent Citation on Patent Renewal ― An Analysis Using Korean Patent Citation Data
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특허인용이 특허의 등록유지 기간(경제적 가치)에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 국외에서 활발하게 수행되었다. 그러나 국가 간 특허제도의 차이가 인용 행태에 영향을 주고, 그 결과 국가별로 특허인용이 특허의 경제적 가치에미치는 영향에 차이가 날 수 있기 때문에, 본 연구에서는 한국특허의 특허인용과 등록유지 기간과의 관계를 생존분석 기법을 활용하여 분석하였다. 특허인용 주체의 차이와 특허인용 주체별 인용 행태의 차이를 분석하기위해 특허인용을 발명자 인용과 심사관 인용, 기술 내 인용과 기술 간 인용으로 구분하여 등록유지 기간과의 관계를 분석하였다. 분석결과 발명자 인용과 심사관 인용이 특허의 등록유지 기간을 연장시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 발명자 인용보다 심사관 인용이 특허의 등록유지 기간을 더 크게 연장시키는 것으로 나타났다. 발명자 인용의 경우 기술 내 인용과 기술 간 인용이특허의 등록유지 기간에 미치는 효과에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았지만, 심사관 인용의 경우 기술 간 인용보다 기술 내 인용이 특허의 등록유지 기간을 더 크게 연장시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 한국특허의 인용이 특허의 경제적 가치를 반영하고 있음을 실증적으로 확인하고, 인용주체 및 기술분류에 따른 특허인용의 경제적 가치에의 영향 차이를 보임으로써, 다양한 경영·경제 연구에 한국특허의 인용정보를 활용하기 위한 기반을 제공하였다는 측면에서 그 의의를 갖고 있다.
Abstract
The effects of patent citations on patent renewal(economic value) has been widely investigated abroad. Because the patent citations and their effect on economic value of patents can be affected by the national patent system, this research investigated the effect of patent citation on patent renewal using Korean patent data. Patent citations are classified into inventor’s citations vs. examiner’s citations as well as within-technology citations vs. between-technology citations, and the effects of each citation type are analyzed to investigate the different magnitude of effects by citation agent types and their citation behavior. It is found that the patent renewal is positively affected by the citations from inventor as well as examiner, while the effects of examiner’s citations on patent renewal are greater than those of inventor’s citations. The effects of within-technology citations are greater than those of between-technology citations, while statistical difference between them is not found for the inventor’s citations. This research provided the foundation for future research of economics and management in using Korean patent citation data by providing empirical evidences that Korean patent citations reflect economic value of patents, and its difference in terms of citing agent types and technological fields.
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