유교의 禮學的 탐구를 통한 孝 사상 고찰

Abstract

In study of Confucian Rites, the words of Jongja (宗子: the eldest son of the head family) and Jongson (宗孫: the eldest grandson of the head family) meaning a successor are the same as filial son and filial grandson, and even a king cannot become an official filial son regardless of whether he has filial love or not if he hasn't succeeded his parents. Depending on whether one becomes crowned as a king beginning a new regime, such as Yi Seong Gye (李成桂), following the will of one's parents or ancestors or just on one's own, ‘Hyo (孝: filial piety, filial son)’, is included into or excluded from the posthumous name granted after one's death. Filial piety and ancestral rites are in the relationship of Confucian ideology and Confucian rites, and filial piety and three years of mourning (三年喪) are in the relation of Confucian ideology and the emotions of humanity. In other words, Hyo is the matter of essence, and ancestral rites are just the means of external expression that he is a true inheritor. In addition, the three years of mourning is the time as the process for a son or a daughter to gradually relieve the shock and pain of heart from losing their parent with whom they were in a close relationship of qīn (親: associating with, cherishing and loving). A son's or a daughter's feeling close to one's parents, supporting them sincerely and loving them are natural emotions from the love and care from their parents, and are in the area of reciprocal ethics. Hyo, which means a successor inheriting the will of one's parents for great cause and what they used to do, is in the area of ideology accepted by the choice following each individual's beliefs.