타국의 전략적 사이버공격 대응에 대한 국가 안보전략적 함의- 美 대선 러시아 개입사건을 중심으로 -
Implications on National Security Strategies of the Strategic Use of Cyber Capabilities of Foreign Governments - The Case of Alleged Russian Interference in the 2016 US Election -
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초록
사이버공간을 영토, 영해, 영공, 우주에 이은 국가안보영역으로 인식하여 사이버 공간을 활용해 국가의 영향력을 확대하려는 노력이 증가하고 있다. 또한 정보자원의 무결성을 공격해 국가 정책 결정과정에 영향을 미치고자 하는 국가차원의 전략적 공격이 발생하고 있다. 2016년 11월 치러진 미국 대통령 선거과정에 대한 러시아 개입 의혹은 이러한 시도의 일환으로 추정되며 동 사건에서 미 정부는 입법과 행정조치 등을 통해 러시아에 대한 제재를 취하는 한편 정보⋅수사기관과 의회 조사위원회를 통한 조사를 병행하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 美 대선 러시아 개입사건에 대하여 미 정보기관에서 발표한 보고서를 중심으로 사실관계를 검토하고, 대선 이후 중단기간 미국이 취한 입법적⋅행정적 대응방식 살펴본다. 타국의 전략적 사이버공격에 대한 일국의 국가적 대응방식을 살펴보는 과정을 통해 한국의 국가 사이버안보전략에 미치는 시사점을 도출한다.
Abstract
As the cyberspace is recognized as the national security domain such as air, sea, and space, countries are growing their efforts to expand their influences in cyberspace and cyber capabilities targeting the integrity of information resources in an attempt to influence the political decision making process at the state level. It is assumed that Russian interference in the 2016 US election took place as a part of this effort. The US government imposes sanctions on Russia through legislative and administrative measures in conjunction with investigations of intelligence and investigate agencies and parliamentary commissions of inquiry. This paper aims to gain insight of national countermeasures against strategic cyber attacks from other countries by reviewing US countermeasures of the Russian interference in the 2016 US election case. This paper examines the facts centering on reports published by US intelligence agencies and examine the domestic measures and derive national security strategic implications on strategic cyber attacks from foreign governments.
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