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기후변화 언론보도 빅데이터 분석 - 시기 및 언론사 정치적 성향에 따른 차이를 중심으로 -

A Big-data Analysis of Media Reports on Climate Change - Focusing on Differences by Time and Newspapers’ Political Orientations -

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초록

본 연구에서는 최근 10년간의 기후변화 관련 뉴스 데이터를 수집하여, 사용된 어휘의 빈도 및 중심성을 분석하고, LDA 분석을 통해 최적 토픽을 도출하였다. 최적 토픽으로 선별된 11개의 주제를위험 커뮤니케이션의 시각에서 해석하고, 언론보도의 시기와 언론사의 정치적 성향에 따른 차이가있는지 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 기후변화 관련 언론보도에서 빈도 및 중심성이 높게 나타난 어휘를통해 기후변화를 환경 문제 및 에너지 경제 차원에서 다루었으며, 국제적인 차원으로 접근하였음을알 수 있었다. 또한, 11개의 주제를 통해 언론이 기후변화의 부정적 영향을 강조하고, 정치나 안보차원의 이슈로 다루거나, 에너지 및 경제발전 측면에서 접근한 것이 두드러졌음을 알 수 있었다. 이와 더불어 전체 주제에서 2015년 파리기후협약 체결 전후 시기에 따른 차이와 언론사의 정치적성향에 따른 차이가 관찰되었다. 결론적으로, 언론은 기후변화 대응의 시급성이나 실천적인 기후변화 대응행동의 제시보다는 단편적으로 부정적 영향을 전달하거나 거대담론 측면에서 기후변화를다루어 온 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

This study collected climate change-related media reports over the last decade to analyze the frequency and centrality of the words used, and then derive optimal topics through the LDA analysis. The final 11 topics were interpreted from the perspective of risk communication, and we also examined whether there were differences by time and newspapers’ political orientations, respectively. The results showed that news media generally dealt with the climate change issue as an environmental problem, energy economy, and international cooperation issues. Further, the 11 topics implicated that news media emphasized negative impacts of climate change, covered with political or security issues, or took an energy-related economic development approach. In addition, differences before and after the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement, and differences in the political orientations of newspapers were investigated. In conclusion, news media has delivered fragmentarily negative impacts of climate change or dealt with the issue in terms of grand discourses rather than the urgency of climate change response and practical mitigation actions.

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