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한국 신문의 정치적 성향에 따른 기후변화 뉴스 프레이밍 차이 연구

News Media's Political Orientation and Their Framing of Climate Change in South Korea

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한국지역언론학회 (Korean Regional Communication Research Association)|2013.09|언론과학연구 (Journal of Communication Science)|제13권 제3호|pp. 591-626

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참고문헌

키워드

기후변화themeclimate changesources테마political orientation취재원news framing진단 (diagnosis)/ 예후 (prognosis) 프레이밍정서적 논조정치적 성향 (political orientation)affective tone
주제분류신문방송학

초록

기후변화의 위험성이 날로 현실화하면서 관련 전문가와 대중의 위험인식을 연결시켜주는 뉴스미디어의 중요성도 커지고 있다. 본 연구는 한국의 대표적인 보수 신문인 조선일보와 진보언론으로 평가되는 한겨레의 기후변화 보도를 뉴스 프레이밍의 관점에서 분석하였다. 기사의 테마와 취재원, 정서적 논조(affective tone)를내용 분석한 결과, 보수언론인 조선일보 기사는 예후 프레임을 구성하는 테마들이유의미하게 많이 사용된 것으로 나타났다. 집단 및 개인 차원의 기후변화에 대한대응책과 관련되는 뉴스 테마 (‘녹색사업’과 ‘녹색생활’)가 첫 번째, 세 번째로 많았다. 진보 성향의 한겨레 보도에서는 이런 예후 프레임군의 테마들에 대한 선호 현상이 확인되지 않았다. 문제의 심각성 파악에 치중하는 진단 프레임에 해당되는 ‘환경 감시’가 가장 빈번한 기사 테마였고, 조선일보에 비해 지역공무원 취재원을 거의사용치 않은 것으로 나타났다. 정서적 논조는 그 자체로는 유의미한 정보를 제공하지는 않았으나 교차분석 결과, 보수 언론 보도에서 긍정적 기사 논조가 지방 공무원 인용 및 '녹색 사업' 테마의 적용과 밀접한 연관성이 두드러진 반면, 한겨레 보도에서는 이런 세 요인간의 연관성이 확연히 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 예후 프레임은 보수 언론에서, 진단 프레임은 진보 언론에서 더 두드러질 것이라는 가설이 검증되었다. 기후 변화에 대한 시민들의 위험인식과 행동 변화에 두 프레임이 미치는 영향에 대한 추가 연구의 필요성이 논의되었다

Abstract

News media’s role in connecting experts’ discourse to public risk perception has become significant with the rising risk of climate change. We examined news framing of climate change by the conservative and liberal newspapers (Chosun-Ilbo and Hankyoreh,respectively) in Korea. News framing of diagnosis versus prognosis was probed in terms of themes, sources, and affective tones. The results show that the conservative newspaper’s themes were prognostic: those of coping at a group level and an individual level (i.e., green project and green life, respectively) were the most and third most frequently covered. The liberal newspaper, however,did not show any preference for particular framing. Rather,the most frequent theme in the liberal newspaper was Environmental Surveillance, which belongs to the diagnosis frame. Local government officials were more frequently used as sources by the conservative newspaper than the liberal newspaper. Positive and negative tones were not significantly different in both newspapers. A cross-tabulation analysis, however, indicated that the positive tones in the conservative newspaper's articles were the most salient in its news stories with green project theme and the ones with local government sources. This was not observed in Hankyoreh's news coverage.

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