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코로나19 시대의 청소년 비만 예측요인 분석: 의사결정나무분석방법을 이용하여 - 청소년 비만 예측 -

Prediction Model of Body Mass Index in Adolescents in the Era of COVID-19 Using Decision Tree Analysis - Body Mass Index of Adolescents -

한명희
(사)위기관리이론과실천 (Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis)|2024.03|Crisisonomy|제20권 제3호|pp. 175-193|DOI https://doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2024.20.3.175

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키워드

코로나19청소년COVID-19adolescent비만청소년건강행태조사체질량지수의사결정나무body mass indexdecision tree2021 Korea youth risk behavior survey

초록

본 연구는 질병관리청에서 제공하는 2021년 청소년건강행태조사 데이터를 활용하여 의사결정나무 분석법으로 코로나19 시대 중 ‧ 고등학생의 성별에 따른 체질량지수를 예측하는 모델을 구현하고자 하였다. 예측 모형에서 체질량지수는 성별에 따라 유의미한 차이가 있었고, 남자 중학생의 경우에 고강도 신체활동을 전혀 하지 않으면서 주말 동안의 스마트폰 사용 시간이 11시간 이상인 경우 비만율이 37.4%로가장 높게 나타났다. 남자 고등학생은 고강도 신체활동을 하지 않거나 일주일에 1번 정도 하면서 학업성적이 중간-낮음의 수준인 경우 비만 비율이 36.2%로 가장 높았다. 여중생의 경우 학업성적이 낮으면서불안장애수준이 심각하거나 반대로 완전히 낮은 경우 비만 비율이 18.4%로 가장 높았다. 여고생의 경우는 코로나19에 따른 경제적 상황에 크게 변화가 있으면서 주말 동안의 스마트폰 사용 시간이 9.8시간이상인 경우에 비만율이 20.5%로 가장 높았다. 코로나19 상황 이후 비만 청소년 관리를 위하여 개인적특성 및 상황을 고려한 맞춤형 관리프로그램의 개발과 적용이 시급하다.

Abstract

This study built a prediction model for BMI by sex of middle and high school students in the COVID-19 era by using 2021 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. This study used data from 30,015 middle school and 24,833 high school students. The data was analyzed by using decision tree analysis. For male middle school students, if they did not engage in strenuous physical activity and spent more than 11 hours on a smartphone during the weekend, the obesity rate was the highest at 37.4%. Male high school students, those who did 0-1time strenuous physical activity a week and had medium-low level academic performance showed the highest level of obesity(36.2%). Middle school girls, when the academic performance was low and the anxiety disorder level was severe or conversely, the obesity rate was the highest at 18.4%. High school girls, the obesity rate was the highest at 20.5% when there was a significant change in the economic situation due to COVID-19 and the time spent on smartphone over the weekend was 9.8 hours or more. It is needed to develop a customized management and counseling program for obese adolescents.

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