산불 특수진화대의 업무 만족 실태 분석 및 개선방안 연구
Analysis of Job Satisfaction Status and Improvements for Wildland Firefighters
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최근 전 세계적으로 산불의 대형화 및 장기화에 따른 산불 진화대원의 업무 기피와 이직률 증가로인한 인력 수급의 어려움이 심화되고 있다. 이를 해결하기 위해 미국 내무부와 산림청은 진화대원의업무 및 복지 개선을 위한 실태 조사 및 연구를 통해 업무 만족에 관한 실태 조사 분석과 업무 만족도평가 활발히 이루어지고 있고, 산불 관리 예산 증액을 통해 진화 업무의 전문화, 임금 증액, 건강 증진프로그램 등을 확대하고 있다. 하지만 국내에서는 산불 진화대원의 업무 만족 및 조직편성의 적정성등에 대한 실태 조사와 연구가 미흡하다. 본 연구에서는 국내 산불 진화대원에 대한 설문 조사를 통해업무 만족도를 분석(상관관계분석, 일원변량분산분석, 독립변수 t검정, 회귀분석 등)하고 문제점 해결을위한 방안으로 미국의 산불 관리 정책 사례를 참고하여, 국내 산불 진화대원의 처우개선 및 업무 만족도개선에 관해 제언하였다.
Abstract
In recent years, the global escalation and prolonged nature of wildfires have exacerbated challenges in recruiting and retaining wildland firefighters, leading to increased job aversion and turnover rates. To address this issue, the U.S. Department of the Interior and the Forest Service have actively conducted surveys and research to improve the duties and well-being of wildland firefighters, expanding specialized training, increasing wages, and implementing health promotion programs through additional budget allocation for wildfire management. However, domestically, there is a lack of comprehensive research on the job satisfaction and appropriateness of organizational structures for wildland firefighters. This study analyzes job satisfaction among domestic wildland firefighters through a survey (correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-tests, regression analysis, etc.) and proposes solutions for identified issues by referencing U.S. wildfire management policies. Recommendations focus on enhancing the treatment and job satisfaction of domestic wildland firefighters.
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