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근린환경과 사회적 교류 및 신뢰가 감염병 위험인식에 미치는 영향 - 코로나 초기와 중기·후기의 비교를 중심으로 -

Analysis of the Impact of Neighborhood Environments, Social Interaction and Trust on Risk Perception of Infectious Diseases - Focusing on Comparison between Beginning and Middle·Late COVID-19 Pandemic -

구자훈|조효상
(사)위기관리이론과실천 (Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis)|2024.05|Crisisonomy|제20권 제5호|pp. 29-47|DOI https://doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2024.20.5.29

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코로나19COVID-19감염병 위험인식근린환경 인식사회적 교류 및 신뢰risk perception of infectious diseasesneighborhood environment perceptionsocial interaction and trust

초록

감염병 위험에 대한 인식은 전염병이 확산되는 보행, 주거 환경, 보건 및 복지, 교육 등의 근린환경을어떻게 인식하느냐에 따라 달라 질 수 있다. 그리고 사회적 교류와 신뢰는 일반적인 위험인식에 영향을미치는 요인이지만, 전염공간으로 인식되는 근린환경에 따라 일반적인 위험인식과는 다른 영향을 미칠수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 근린환경 인식과 사회적 교류 및 신뢰가 감염병 위험인식에 미치는 영향을다수준 순서형 로지스틱 회귀모형을 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과는 첫째, 초기와 중기·후기의 보행환경, 생활환경은 만족도가 높아질수록 위험인식을 증가시켰고, 교육환경 인식은 높아질수록 감소시키는 것으로나타났다. 둘째, 초기의 이웃 간 신뢰는 위험인식을 낮추었지만, 중기, 후기에는 위험인식을 높였다. 그러나 공공신뢰는 모든 시기에 감염병 위험인식을 낮추는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 본 연구의 정책적시사점은 첫째, 시민생활과 밀접한 보행, 생활환경은 공원의 적절한 배치나 여분의 학교의 외부공간활용 등으로 감염병 안전한 공간계획을 해야 하며, 둘째, 공공에서는 신뢰를 높일 수 있는 감염병 대응정책이 필요하다.

Abstract

Risk perceptions of infectious diseases vary depending on individuals’ perceptions of their neighborhood environments, such as walkability, living conditions, health and welfare services, and education, which are spaces where diseases can spread. Social interaction and trust influence overall risk perception, but their impact may vary in neighborhoods perceived as potential spaces for contagion. Therefore, we used multilevel ordered logistic models to analyze the effects of the neighborhood environment, social interaction, and trust on the risk perception of infectious diseases. The findings showed that, first, the walking environment and living environment in all periods increased risk perception as satisfaction increased, while educational environment decreased. Second, neighborhood trust initially reduced risk perception in the beginning period but later increased it in the middle and late periods, while public trust consistently lowered perception of infectious disease risk across all periods. The policy implications are that there should be planning for anti-pandemic walking and living environments, such as creating more parks or utilizing open spaces in schools. Additionally, public policies should aim to increase trust in infectious disease response measures.

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