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Shaping Low Fertility Policies - A Comparative Analysis of Initial Policy Making Processes in South Korea and Japan Using Multiple Streams Theory -

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(사)위기관리이론과실천 (Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis)|2024.08|Crisisonomy|제20권 제8호|pp. 1-27

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참고문헌

키워드

JapanSouth Koreapolicy formationlow fertility policiesmultiple streams theory

초록

This study examines the initial policy making processes that shaped low fertility policies in South Korea and Japan from the late 1980s to early 2000s, using Kingdon's Multiple Streams Theory. Through comparative analysis of problem recognition, policy formulation, and political dynamics, the research reveals significant differences in the countries' approaches. Korea rapidly shifted to pronatalist policies, framing low fertility as a national emergency, while Japan's response, triggered by the "1.57 shock" of 1989, evolved gradually towards family support and work-life balance. The study highlights the role of policy entrepreneurs and the distinct convergence of problem, policy, and political streams in each country. Findings underscore the importance of initial policy framing and comprehensive approaches in addressing demographic challenges. This research contributes to understanding low fertility policy development in East Asia and offers insights for future strategies in tackling persistently low fertility rates.

Abstract

This study examines the initial policy making processes that shaped low fertility policies in South Korea and Japan from the late 1980s to early 2000s, using Kingdon's Multiple Streams Theory. Through comparative analysis of problem recognition, policy formulation, and political dynamics, the research reveals significant differences in the countries' approaches. Korea rapidly shifted to pronatalist policies, framing low fertility as a national emergency, while Japan's response, triggered by the "1.57 shock" of 1989, evolved gradually towards family support and work-life balance. The study highlights the role of policy entrepreneurs and the distinct convergence of problem, policy, and political streams in each country. Findings underscore the importance of initial policy framing and comprehensive approaches in addressing demographic challenges. This research contributes to understanding low fertility policy development in East Asia and offers insights for future strategies in tackling persistently low fertility rates.

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