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정신건강 전문가의 감정노동이 소진에 미치는 영향 - 회복탄력성의 조절효과 -

Effects of Emotional Labor on Burnout for Mental Health Professional - Moderating Effects of Resilience -

윤명숙|박선희
(사)위기관리이론과실천 (Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis)|2024.03|Crisisonomy|제20권 제3호|pp. 159-174|DOI https://doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2024.20.3.159

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감정노동resilienceemotional labor회복탄력성정신건강 전문가burnout소진mental health professionals

초록

최근 정신질환자 살인, 흉기 난동 사건 등으로 인해 정신건강영역에 대한 국가 책임성이 강조되고 있다. 이에 정신건강에 대한 어려움을 호소하는 대상자와 대면하는 정신건강 전문가는 예측 불가한 행동이나다양한 문제에 노출되면서 감정노동과 소진을 경험한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 정신건강 전문가의 감정노동이 소진에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 이 관계에서 회복탄력성 조절효과를 검증하고자 한다. 주요연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째 감정노동이 높아질수록, 회복탄력성이 낮을수록, 근무경력이 길수록, 정신건강전문요원인 경우, 최종학력이 높을수록, 급여가 낮을수록 소진에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째 감정노동 수준과 소진의 관계에서 회복탄력성이 조절효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 회복탄력성이 높은 집단의 경우 감정노동 수준에 따른 차이가 거의 없는 반면, 회복탄력성이 낮은 집단의경우 감정노동 수준이 높아질수록 소진이 높아지는 경향이 강한 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과를바탕으로 정신건강 전문가의 감정노동과 소진을 예방하기 위한 실천적 방안에 대해 제시하였다.

Abstract

In South Korea, recent incidents, such as the murder of a mentally ill person and a rampage involving a weapon, have highlighted the national responsibility for mental health service. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between levels of emotional labor caused by exposure to emotional labor by mental health professionals in the process of performing their work, and to verify the moderating effect of resilience in this relationship. The main findings were as follows. First, It was confirmed that higher levels of emotional labor, longer work experience, higher academic backgrounds among mental health professionals, and lower salaries are associated with increased burnout. Second, resilience moderates on the level of emotional labor and exhaustion. In groups with high resilience, there is little difference in burnout levels depending on the level of emotional labor. However, among individuals with low resilience, burnout tends to increase as the level of emotional labor increases. Based on the results of these studies, practical measures were presented to prevent emotional labor and burnout in mental health professionals.

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