도구적 관점, 규범적 관점, 집합적 유효성 관점이 시민의 법률준수행위에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Instrumental, Normative, and Collective Efficacy Perspective on Public Compliance with Law
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시민의 법률준수는 시민의 경찰협력보다도 더 우선적이라고 여겨진다. 시민의 자발적인 법률준수는 경찰과-시민이 함께 협력활동을 하는 것보다 훨씬 더 적은 비용이 들고, 민주시민 의식을 향상시킬 수 있다는 점에서 경찰기관에 의해 중요하게 여겨진다. 이 연구의 주요 목적은 한국 사회 상황에서 도구적 관점, 규범적 관점, 집합적 유효성 관점이 시민의 법률준수행위에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 어떤 관점이 시민의 법률준수행위에 더 강한 영향을 미치는지를 검증하는 것이다. 전국 720명의 시민으로부터 수집된 데이터를 토대로 한 분석 결과는 여성과 높은 학력을 갖고 있는 시민들이 법률을 더욱 준수하며 더 높은 처벌위험과 비공식적 사회통제를 인식하는 시민들이 법률을 더 준수할 것 같다는 것을 보여주었다. 특히 시민의 법률준수행위에 대해서는 도구적 관점의 영향력이 가장 크다. 경찰기관은 규범적 관점의 중요성을 인식하고 경찰 정당성 인식과 절차적 공정성 인식의 영향력을 더욱 강화하기 위해 노력하여야 한다.
Abstract
Public compliance with law is considered to be more important than public cooperation with the police. Citizens' voluntary compliance with law is considered important by police agencies in that it costs much less than police-citizen cooperative activities and can enhance democratic citizenship. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of instrumental perspective, normative perspective, and collective efficacy perspective on public compliance with law in the Korean society, and is to verify which perspective has a stronger effect on public compliance with law. The result, based on data collected from 720 citizens across the country, showed that women, more educated citizens, and people who perceived higher level of risk of punishment and higher level of informal social control were more likely to comply law. In particular, among the effects of the instrumental, normative, and collective efficacy perspectives the instrumental perspective has the greatest influence on public compliance with law in Korean society. However, the police agency should recognize the importance of the normative perspective and seek to strengthen the effect of police legitimacy and procedural justice.
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