성폭력 범죄에 대한 지역경찰 현장 출동의 긴급성에 관한 연구: 여성·청소년 대상 범죄의 교차분석을 통해

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the problems of laws mandating emergency disptach of locial police for sexual violence crimes. As the main purpose of emergency dispatch of local police to the crime scene for sexual violence is to protect the victims, it is doubtful whether best action is the best way to protect the victims. The purpose of prompt dispatch is to identify the perpetrator by arresting the perpetrator and securing evidence scattered around on the scene, and in this process, the victim may inevitably be exposed to secondary victimization, such as leakage of damage facts. For the purpose of protecting the victim, when the victim and the criminal are together and the victim's life and body are urgently threatened by the criminal, prompt dispatch may be the best solution for protecting the victim. However, if the criminal has already escaped the scene and the victim is isolated from culprit, the best way to protect the victim is preventing the neighbors from recognizing the victim-related fact such that police are dispatched and assault is sexual by not taking emergency car and police uniform for the emotional stability of victim. As such, the type of dispatch in a sexual violence case is particularly important because the degree of secondary victimization a victim would suffer would be devastating when the damage caused by emergency dispatch is too conspicuous to hide. It would also be applicable to such crimes as domestic violence, child abuse and school violence. As the nature and extent of the damage in sexual violence are a lot larger and more serious compared to other crimes, we need to pay attention to whether the mandatory clarification of the law on emergency dispatch in the current sexual violence case is helpful or not for the protection of victims, and if not, what can be improved. This study used a research method utilizing the analysis of 112 data from the police headquarters. Out of the 112 data reported as sexual violence for the year of 2019, the police checked the number of emergency and non-emergency dispatch cases for crimes related with women and adolescents. We used that data to compare the proportion of emergency dispatch among 4 types of crimes such as sexual violence, domestic violence, child abuse and school violence. Chi-square analysis was used to check the homogeneity and independence of related variables. The results show that local police are already issuing non-emergency dispatch orders at the discretion of police officers who get the sexual crime reports from the victims and the extent of non-emergency dispatch for sexual violence was similar to that of child abuse non-emergency dispatch. This study confirmed the need for improvement in related laws and behavioral manuals as the law may cause non-emergency activities to become illegal or even subject to inspection, even if the victim sympathizes with and fully understands the police non-emergency activities with discretion. It would be beneficial to overcome the limitation of secondary data by the full utilization of original data for the future study.