1950년대 북한의 사회주의 상업과 ‘옥심상점’

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the decline of private commerce and the growth of national commerce while analyzing North Korea’s commercial policies in the 1950s. Completion of the private commerce cooperation, completed in August 1958, was a process of competition between state-owned commerce system and private commerce. After Liberation-At the time of the war, the North Korean government was consistent with its policy of pressure on private traders, but also co-existed by giving individual traders a subsidiary role of poor national commercial networks. However, after confirming the results of the recovery, the government raised the pressure on individual traders and tried to block the inflow of capital from the private traders, replacing them with national stores and consumer cooperatives. In addition, since 1955, people’s purchasing power has increased due to the rapid development of agricultural cooperation. Since the government ultimately focused on the reproduction of socialism in carrying out ‘Socialism Commerce’, the government tried to structure the balanced exchange of commodity and purchasing ponds. Because of the loss, it was necessary to squeeze individual merchants and develop state-owned commerce system. ‘Ok-sim’s Shop’, which appeared in 1955, was a commercial worker who entered the commercial network immediately after the war and faithfully implemented the government’s policies. Kim’s business approach focused on meeting the consumption of farmers who grew after agricultural cooperation while emulating and developing the business methods of individual merchants while carrying out the government’s policies. The farmers’ consumers were taken from the non-organizational market to the organizational market, ultimately establishing concrete socialism reproduction system. In the 1950s, the North Korean government’s commercial policy was a statement for the increase of the people, focusing on establishing a socialist reproduction structure for the planned economy.