팀버튼의 영화 「이상한 나라의 앨리스」(2010)에 나타난 판타지 서사 분석

Abstract

In Tim Burton's fantasy film, Alice in Wonderland released in 2010, Alice becomes a woman champion to recover justice in Underland, a fantasy land. This rapidly progressing film adopts the structure of a rite of passage, which is one of the most successive film structures in Hollywood. Thus, I would like to analyze the structure of a rite of passage of Alice in Wonderland. Alice in Wonderland revived in 2010 on the basis of Lewis Carroll's Alices is a 3D fantasy film for family. It is a completely different work from the original works though it adopts motifs, fantasy structure, characters, and satire from them. In this film, there is used the structure of a rite of passage which is similar to 5-chapter-structure: a beginning, a development, a crisis, a climax, and a conclusion. One of the general analytic devices of a rite of passage is to use Arnold Van Gennep's theory; Separation, Transfer and Integration. According to Gennep's theory, Alice takes an inner journey to the fantasy land in Alice in Wonderland. Alice cannot decide whether she is married to Hamish Ascot in the framing story. Wondering what decision she should make, Alice takes a journey to Underland where she becomes a woman champion. Underland has been separated White Queen's good from Red Queen's evil and dominated by Red Queen before Alice gets there. Having gotten over every difficulty, especially the toughest fight against Jabberwocky, Alice recovers order there. The imaginative power implanted by her father lets Alice go through with all of them and get to integration. Returning to the reality, Alice chooses to become an apprentice at a trading company and make a sail to China instead of becoming Hamish's wife. When Absolem, a butterfly and former caterpillar in Underland flies around Alice, it implies that Alice's imaginative power gives her power to succeed in her life. The structure of a rite of passage used in the narrative of Alice in Wonderland exists as an archetype of human life. A rite of passage itself can be a main character's inner journey where she will get to integration after going through with the journey. Directors enjoy adopting a rite of passage in their successive films as it gives insight into their problems to audiences enjoying a film as well as newcomers having some unsettled problems.