토니 모리슨의 『자비』에 나타난 트라우마와 애착행동
Trauma and Attachment Behaviors in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the main characters' traumatic experiences and attachment behaviors in A Mercy written by Toni Morrison. A Mercy is the story about the era of slavery in America in the 1680s. Females need the protection of men and experience difficulties in being independent in those days. Most of the main characters in A Mercy are orphans. They were abandoned by their parents for one reason or another. Because of this, they want to have attachments to compensate their maternal deprivation in their childhoods. Whatever those attachments are, they take their minds off the current situation and the overcompensation leads them to fail and experience another loss. To verify this, some psychologists' theories were brought into play including John Bowlby's attachment theory. Bowlby insists that the experience of maternal deprivation in childhood causes attachment behaviors to grow into various kinds of obsession. Excessive attachment does not help solve their problems. Many things have happened in the main characters' lives; losing a husband, children, and lovers but they were not sure what those meant at that time because they did their best in their lives. However, the female characters eventually realize the true meanings by remembering the experiences of their childhood with their mothers and in voyages with strange female friends. They experienced motherhood and sisterhood which empowered them stand up once again. Finally they can face the threat of men and the world.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the main characters' traumatic experiences and attachment behaviors in A Mercy written by Toni Morrison. A Mercy is the story about the era of slavery in America in the 1680s. Females need the protection of men and experience difficulties in being independent in those days. Most of the main characters in A Mercy are orphans. They were abandoned by their parents for one reason or another. Because of this, they want to have attachments to compensate their maternal deprivation in their childhoods. Whatever those attachments are, they take their minds off the current situation and the overcompensation leads them to fail and experience another loss. To verify this, some psychologists' theories were brought into play including John Bowlby's attachment theory. Bowlby insists that the experience of maternal deprivation in childhood causes attachment behaviors to grow into various kinds of obsession. Excessive attachment does not help solve their problems. Many things have happened in the main characters' lives; losing a husband, children, and lovers but they were not sure what those meant at that time because they did their best in their lives. However, the female characters eventually realize the true meanings by remembering the experiences of their childhood with their mothers and in voyages with strange female friends. They experienced motherhood and sisterhood which empowered them stand up once again. Finally they can face the threat of men and the world.
참고문헌 (14)
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