아난에 대한 힐난과 그 변명

Abstract

The elders at the council then addressed Ānanda with a series of reproaches. He had neglected to question the Buddha about the minor and least important precepts, he had put his foot on his cloak, he allowed his body to be defiled by women’s tears, he had not asked him to prolong his stay in this world and, finally, he had pleaded for the entry of women into the order. Even though he felt perfectly innocent, Ānanda confessed those faults out of regard for the community. Many other considerations could be advanced concerning this tradition of the council. The little that has been said about them is enough to demonstrate that it would be imprudent to commit oneself for or against the historicity of the councils. In itself, the account abounds in improbabilities and anachromisms, it is steeped in the marvellous and exploits myths and literary themes which are no more than commonplaces. When compared with one another, the various narratives which have come down to us disagree over almost every point, date and place of council, persons who took part in them, the activity which was carried out at them. The tradition of the councils is only indirectly connected with the mainstream of the canonical writings. It appears only in later sutra which are not included in the early collections. It is merely as an appendix that it appears in the Vinayas of the various schools after undergoing the necessary modifications. They were accepted as a whole by the early community and constituted the common heritage of the Buddhist sects which were subsequently to develop.