조선 후반기 관경변상도(觀經變相圖)의 양식특징

Abstract

In this study, discussion was arranged to aim at clarifying art-historical meanings of <The Paintings of the Paradise of Amitabha> created due to the prevalence of Pure Land Buddhism in the late Joseon Dynasty by investigating its background and characteristics of aspects. People tried to escape from society in the late Joseon Dynasty because its reality was chaos. So It was belief in Amitabha that they were absorbed in. Belief in Amitābha is Pure Land Buddhism, which aims at escaping from the world of the endless karmic cycle of birth and death, being reincarnated in paradise, listening to the Dharma talk of Amitabha Buddha, and finding enlightenment. <The Paintings of the Paradise of Amitabha> of pure land Buddhist paintings that reflect the characteristics of the age well include three works of Simjeonambon (1778), Pyochungsabon (1882), and Hogukjijangsabon (1893). The characteristics of their aspects can be defined as follows: First, Buddhist paintings of Buddha and Bodhisattvas (圖像) have structures of stability, unity, and perspective and standardized poses of the principal icons. Second, the painters freely expressed people's face shapes and bodies and patterns of Buddhist minds and ceremonies by adding or omitting lotus and vine motifs, lotus blossom motifs, geometric patterns, and original texts according to their own styles. Third, techniques to add light pre dyeing to deep-color pigments for coloring (彩飾) and accordingly, the drawing lines decline as the characteristics. This tendency began to be in fashion with Gyeongbuk as the center in the 19th century and was very often found from Buddhist paintings in Seoul and Gyeonggi. And it can be found that it spread further in the 20th century. <The paintings of the paradise of Amitabha> drawn by the fashion of Pure Land Buddhism in the late Joseon Dynasty inherited the dignified patterns of Buddhist paintings of the previous period and accepted drawing techniques of the West which flowed into the Joseon Dynasty at the time. This shows the inheritance of tradition and the rise of the spirit of the times. <The Paintings of the Paradise of Amitabha> in the late Joseon Dynasty are very meaningful in Korean Buddhist painting history.