고려전기 대각국사 의천과 차

Abstract

This paper analyzes the tea culture of the Goryeo and Song Dynasties in the 11th century, focusing on Uicheon's writings and other materials. Uicheon received great favor as Binli(賓禮—ceremonies to receive foreign delegates) in the Song Dynasty, and experienced tea culture by encountering the royal family’s luxury teas, such as Longfengcha bestowed by Cheoljong. Even in Goryeo, drinking tea was part of the ceremonies for welcoming foreign delegates. Uicheon’s Daegakguksa-Munjip contain ritual texts and uses tea as a food for ancestral rites(祭需). In the Buddhist funeral and ancestral rites(喪葬祭禮) of the early Goryeo dynasty, the Tea Offerings(獻茶) would have been spread and standardized based on Wushanji imported and published by Uicheon. Tea was a food for ancestral rites and was used as a beverage to serve guests. Uicheon exchanged tea while interacting with Jingyuan of the Huayan sect, Bianzhen of the Tiantai sect, and Yuanzhao of the Vinaya sect. He also imported and published Jingxingjiesheji, a record of the Huayan Association where Dingwei, who developed Jianzhou BeiyuanTea, joined. In the 11th century, tea was widely used throughout the Buddhist Community of Goryeo and Song, including the Huayan sect, Tiantai sect, Vinaya sect, and Pure Land Buddhism. While interacting with Saint and Secular, Uicheon received tea as a gift and wrote poetry. Uicheon mentioned the utility of tea in mental and physical aspects. In addition, tea occupies an important position in temples, where tea party are held during study and practice, forming a tea culture in temples.