감정의 시대 : 문화와 집합행동
The Age of Emotion: Culture and Collective Behavior
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‘거대담론’의 해체, ‘역사의 종언’ 등이 그 주된 특징을 이루는 후기 근대사회에서 인간 이성과 인식의 힘은 상대적으로 그 힘을 잃게 되었다. 따라서 그동안 정신의 힘에 억눌렀던 육체와 마찬가지로 이성의 힘에 감추어진 감정이 급격히 분출되는, 이른바 만개된 ‘감정의 시대’를 맞게 되었다. 감정은 문화의 일부분을 구성할 뿐만 아니라 사회생활의 모든 관계에 침투해 우리의 정치적ㆍ경제적ㆍ사회적 선택과 의사결정, 그러고 행위의 목적 등에까지 적지 않은 영향을 미치고 있다. 그리고 오늘날 다수의 NGO들은 그들의 주된 과제를 특정 집단, 이를테면 여성, 장애인, 범죄자, 동성애자 집단들의 수치심을 동원하여 운동을 전개하는 것으로 이해하고 있다. 그러므로 본 논문은 이러한 시대적 상황에서 감정과 집합행동과의 관계, 특히 수치심을 중심으로 어떠한 특정의 문화와 사회구조적 기반에서 감정을 집합행동으로 동원할 수 있는가에 집중한다. 그리고 집합행동이나 사회운동 과정에서 특정 정서와 김정에 의존해 어떤 설명도식을 조직하는 ‘프레이밍’과 ‘프레임 연대’, 그리고 ‘집합적 감정경험’의 중요성도 강조한다. 또한 나아가 집합행동이 어떤 사회적 조건과 상황 하에서 사회운동으로 발전하고 성공할 수 있는지, 그리고 더 이상 수치심을 동원하지 않고도 사회발전과 질서가 가능할 수 있는지 등에 대해 검토한다.
Abstract
In the post modern society, power of human rationality and cognitive power, the main characteristics of the post modern age as well as "dissolution of grand discourses" and "the end of ideology," have relatively lost their own power. Therefore, we can meet so-called "the full-fledged age of emotion," in which emotion hidden by the power of rationality like the body overpowered by the spirit can abruptly overflow. Emotion constructs not only a part of the existing culture but also very much influences on our political, economic and social choices, decision making as well as the goals of our own behaviors, penetrating into every relations of social lives. These days, quite a few NGOs regard their own works as developing citizens" campaign, mobilizing shame of the specific groups such as the associations of females, the disabled, the criminals and the queers and etc. The thesis focuses on the relations between emotion and collective power under the post-modern age. Especially, the article considers in which some specific culture and the basis of social structure the power of shame can be mobilized as the collective behavior. In addition, this article takes the importance on the collective experience as well as the "framing" and "frame alignment" that organize any frame on the basis of a specific sentiment and emotion in the process of collective behavior or the social movement. Furthermore, the paper also investigates in which specific social conditions and situations the collective power can develop as a social movement and how social progress and order can be achieved without mobilizing the influence of shame.
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