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자기-자비가 외상 후 성장에 미치는 영향: 침습적 반추와 성찰적 반추의 이중매개효과와 자기-자비의 조절된 매개효과

The Influence of Self-Compassion on Post-traumatic Growth: Testing the Dual Mediation Effect of Intrusive Rumination and Reflective Rumination and the Moderated Mediation Effect of Self-Compassion

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초록

본 연구는 외상 후 성장 과정에서 자기-자비의 영향을 밝히기 위해 외상 후 스트레스와 외상 후 성장의 관계에서 침습적 반추와 성찰적 반추의 이중매개효과 및 자기-자비의 조절된 매개효과를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 서울, 경기, 경상, 충청도 등에 거주하는 성인을 대상으로 외상경험 질문지, 한국판 사건충격 척도, 한국판 사건관련 반추 척도, 외상 후 성장 척도, 한국판 자기-자비 척도를 사용하여 설문을 실시하였고, 외상사건으로 충격을 받았다고 응답한 622명의 자료를 SPSS 21.0, PROCESS macro Model 6, Mplus 7.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 외상 스트레스는 침습적 반추와 성찰적 반추를 순차적으로 이중매개하여 외상 후 성장에 이르는 경로가 검증되었고, 자기-자비(자기판단, 고립, 과잉동일시: scn)는 성찰적 반추와 외상 후 성장에 영향을 미쳐 외상 후 성장 전체 경로를 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 의의는 실제 외상 경험자들을 대상으로 외상 후 성장의 이론적 모형을 검증했다는 것, 그리고 외상 스트레스에 대한 대처에서 자기-자비의 적용은 부정적 구성개념인 자기판단, 고립, 과잉동일시에 대한 반응성을 낮추는 것에 초점을 두어야 한다는 것을 밝혔다는 것이다. 부가적으로 자기-자비는 기존 이론과 달리 긍정적 요인과 부정적 요인의 2차원 구성개념일 수 있다는 시사점을 얻었다. 그 밖에 연구의 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study verified the dual mediating effect of intrusive and reflective rumination and the moderated mediating effect of self-compassion in the relationship between post-traumatic stress and post-traumatic growth in order to clarify the effect of self-compassion in the post-traumatic growth process. For this purpose, a questionnaire was conducted for adults residing in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Gyeongsang, and Chungcheong-do using Traumatic Experience Questionnaire, Impact of Event Scale-Revised Korean version(IES-R-K), Event-Related Rumination Inventory Korean version(K-ERRI), Post-traumatic Growth Inventory(PTGI), and Korean version of the self-compassion scale(K-SCS). Data of 622 people who responded that they were shocked by the truma-event were analyzed using SPSS 21.0, PROCESS macro Model 6, and M-plus 7.0. As a result, the path leading to post-traumatic growth was verified by dual-mediating of intrusive and reflective rumination in order of precedence and self-compassion (self-judgment, isolation, over-identification: scn) affected reflective rumination and post-traumatic growth. It has been shown moderate the entire path of growth after trauma. The meaning of this study is that the theoretical model of post-traumatic growth was verified for actual trauma experiencers, and the application of self-compassion in coping with traumatic stress need to be focused to lower response to negative constituent concepts such as self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification. Additionally, it has been suggested that self-compassion can be a two-dimensional constituent concept of positive and negative factors unlike existing theories. Also limitations of the study were discussed.

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