성인 애착 불안이 외상 후 스트레스와 성장에 미치는 영향: 자기자비와 반추의 매개효과
The Effect of the Adult Attachment Anxiety on Posttraumatic Stress and Growth: Mediating Effect of Self-Compassion and Brooding
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본 연구의 목적은 성인 애착 불안이 외상 후 스트레스와 성장에 영향을 주는 과정에서 적응적인 정서조절 전략인 자기자비와 부적응적인 인지적 정서조절 전략인 반추가 매개효과를 보이는지를 통합적으로 규명하는 것이다. 이를 위해 외상 후 스트레스와 성장이 독립적인 차원이라는 가정에 근거를 두고 성인 애착 불안과 외상 후 스트레스와 성장 간의 관계를 자기자비와 반추가 완전 매개하는 가설적 연구모형과 부분 매개하는 경쟁모형 1, 그리고 외상 후 스트레스와 성장이 관련성을 갖는다는 가정에 근거를 두고 외상 후 스트레스가 성장에 영향을 주는 경로를 포함하는 경쟁모형 2를 설정하였다. 모형검증을 위하여 외상 경험을 보고한 대학생과 일반 성인들 중 주관적 심각도가 평균치보다 높은 478명의 자료를 바탕으로 구조방정식 모형 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 가설적 연구모형이 가장 적합한 모형으로 나타나 간명화 과정을 거쳐 최종 구조적 관계모형으로 채택하고 분석하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 성인 애착 불안은 자기자비를 완전 매개로 외상 후 성장에 간접적으로 영향을 주었다. 둘째, 성인 애착 불안은 반추를 완전매개로 외상 후 스트레스에 간접적으로 영향을 주었다. 셋째, 성인 애착 불안은 자기자비와 반추를 순차적으로 완전 매개하여 외상 후 스트레스에 간접적으로 영향을 주었다. 넷째, 외상 후 스트레스는 외상 후 성장에 영향을 주지 않았다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate comprehensively the mediating effect of self-compassion that is adaptive emotion regulation strategy, and brooding that is maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategy, on the path from adult attachment anxiety to posttraumatic stress and growth. To accomplish this end, this study is proposed the hypothetical research model and the competition model 1 and 2. Based on that posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth are independent dimensions, the hypothetical research model is that self-compassion and brooding perfectly mediate the relationship between adult attachment anxiety and posttraumatic stress and growth, and the competition model 1 is that self-compassion and brooding partly mediate the relationship between adult attachment anxiety and posttraumatic stress and growth. And based on the assumption that posttraumatic stress is relate to posttraumatic growth, the competition model 2 includes a path that posttraumatic stress affects posttraumatic growth. Participants were 478 college students and general adults, who had experienced trauma and whose subjective severity of the traumatic experience was reported to be above average. And applying two-step approach, the goodness-of-fit and validity of the measurement model was investigated and then the structural equation model was analyzed. As a result of model comparison, the hypothetical research model was the most appropriate model. The major results of the study were as follows. First, adult attachment anxiety has no effect on posttraumatic growth, and has effect on posttraumatic growth through self-compassion indirectly. Second, adult attachment anxiety has no effect on posttraumatic stress, and has effect on posttraumatic stress through brooding indirectly. Third, adult attachment anxiety affects self-compassion, self-compassion affects brooding, in turn, brooding affects posttraumatic stress. Fourth, posttraumatic stress has no effect on posttraumatic growth.
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