초등학교 3학년의 분류 전략에 대한 미시발생적 분석
A Microgenetic Analysis on the Classification Strategy by Third-Grade Elementary Students
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초록
초등학교 3학년 학생들을 대상으로 총 6차례에 걸쳐 분류의 능력 수준에 관하여 조사하였다. 조사 결과 초등학교 3학년 학생들은 구체적 분류 전략과 정교한 분류 전략을 발견하지 못한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 학생들은 분류 전략 변화율이 안정적이거나 상승과 퇴보를 반복하는 경우가 많은것으로 나타났다. 또한 과제 요인에서 구체적 분류 전략과 정교한 분류 전략을 찾아 활용하는데영향을 미치지 못하고 과제 간 전이효과가 거의 없었다. 그러나 초등학교 3학년 학생들은 회기가지날수록 기존에 가지고 있던 분류 전략을 활용하여 더 많이 분류하였다. 즉, 분류의 탐구능력에서 질적인 향상은 거의 나타나지 않았으나 양적인 발전이 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 이는 초등학교 3학년 학생들은 분류 대상의 속성들을 인과적으로 연결할 수 없었기 때문에 질적인 분류 전략의 향상이 나타나지 못한 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
Following a microgenetic design, this study was analysed the characteristic and the change of classification strategy that appear in third-grade elementary students' classification activity. The 4tasks were developed for classification activity; a shell as a familiar real things, an animal fossil as a unfamiliar real things, a snow flake as a familiar picture cards and galaxy as a unfamiliar picture card. Achieved study to 10 students of 3 grade in D elementary School, Seoul. Data were collected by interview with subjects, subject's classification schema, investigator's observation of subject's activity, and videotaped that record subject's subject classification process over an extended period of 6 times. Result proved in this study is as following. They were not found a concrete classification strategy F and a detailed classification strategy X3 until total 6 times of data collection procedures were finished. Task factors had not a effect on the classification strategies and transition effect between tasks was not identified in the classification activities of the students. However, as the procedures were repeating, the students became to qualitatively classified the tasks well by using existing classification strategies. Thus teachers should teach students to select the first classification strategy effectively showing characteristics of classification objects and have a classification strategy to find cause and effect relationship between a main class and a sub class.
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