Narrating the Communist Prison: An Interpretive Model of Some Romanian Case Studies
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After the fall of the communist regime in Romania (1989) an impressive number of books, diaries, memoirs that recorded the prison experience of the ‘50s and early ‘60s were published. These books were authored by very different individuals, representing almost all the social classes of the time, with a diverse educational background, or intellectual level, not to mention the quality of their writing. Several studies on this literature were published (Ruxandra Cesereanu, The Gulag in the Romanian Conscience. Communist Prison Memoirs and Literature. An Essay of Collective Mentality; Mihai Rădulescu, History of the Romanian Political Detention Literature. The Confessing of Collaboration; Ion Bălan, The Concentrationary Regime in Romania. 1945‐1964, to mention only the most significant). Their purpose was generally informative and evocative. Though many typologies and groupings were suggested, a poetics of this literature was not yet elaborated. The present paper attempts at proposing an interpretive model of the ‘prison literature’ genre that situates it at the crossroads of history and autobiographical literature, as micro‐histories that represent a traumatic experience. This model adapts Michel Foucault’s analysis of the prison(in Discipline and Punish) to the context of the communist epoch, and furthermore develops a study of the narrative devices employed by the writers in order to ‘tame’ this unthinkable – yet also very real – life experience.
Abstract
After the fall of the communist regime in Romania (1989) an impressive number of books, diaries, memoirs that recorded the prison experience of the ‘50s and early ‘60s were published. These books were authored by very different individuals, representing almost all the social classes of the time, with a diverse educational background, or intellectual level, not to mention the quality of their writing. Several studies on this literature were published (Ruxandra Cesereanu, The Gulag in the Romanian Conscience. Communist Prison Memoirs and Literature. An Essay of Collective Mentality; Mihai Rădulescu, History of the Romanian Political Detention Literature. The Confessing of Collaboration; Ion Bălan, The Concentrationary Regime in Romania. 1945‐1964, to mention only the most significant). Their purpose was generally informative and evocative. Though many typologies and groupings were suggested, a poetics of this literature was not yet elaborated. The present paper attempts at proposing an interpretive model of the ‘prison literature’ genre that situates it at the crossroads of history and autobiographical literature, as micro‐histories that represent a traumatic experience. This model adapts Michel Foucault’s analysis of the prison(in Discipline and Punish) to the context of the communist epoch, and furthermore develops a study of the narrative devices employed by the writers in order to ‘tame’ this unthinkable – yet also very real – life experience.
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