행위주체성의 초등교육적 의미와 방향 탐색
Exploring the Significance and Issue of Student Agency for Elementary Education
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본 연구는 최근 주목받고 있는 학생 행위주체성 개념을 이론적으로 고찰하고 초등교육적 의미를 탐색하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 사회학과 심리학 분야의 여러 문헌에서 행위주체성 개념을 살피고, 교육 분야에서 이루어진 학생 행위주체성 연구와 OECD 교육 2030 프로젝트 결과물을 검토하였다. 이를 기반으로 초등교육에서 행위주체성의 의미를 탐색하였다. 그 결과, 행위주체성이 어린이 내적 성장과 밀접한 관련이 있으며, 행위주체성을 사회로의 외연 확장이라는 측면에서 개인을 넘어 관계적 관점으로 파악할 필요가 있음을 확인하였다. 그리고 행위주체성과 관련해 ‘기본 및 기초 능력 함양’, ‘지식의 구성자로서 학생이 능동적으로 학습하는 교실구조’, ‘학습 환경 재편을 통한 어린이의 행위주체성 발현 시스템 마련’, ‘학교 및 지역 사회적 맥락에서 참여 기회 제공 및 권한의 점진적 이양’이라는초등교육의 방향을 제안하였다.
Abstract
This study aims to theoretically consider the concept of student agency, which has recently attracted scholarly attention, and to explore the significance and issues related to elementary education. Toward this end, this study considers the concept of agency by examining the literature in the fields of sociology and psychology. It also reviews research on student agency and outcomes from the Education 2030 project of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, which was conducted in the field of education. Therefore, it provided the significance and issue for student agency. Consequently, the study finds that understanding agency from a relational perspective is necessary in terms of external extension into society, that is, beyond individuals. Additionally, this study suggests that agency is closely related with the inner growth of children, such that systematic support that is suitable during the elementary period is required. It also proposes several orientations for elementary education, such as the cultivation of basic and fundamental ability, the classroom structure in which students as organizers of knowledge actively learn, the development of a system that manifests agency by reorganizing the learning environment, and the provision of opportunities for students to participate in schools and communal contexts and the progressive transfer of rights.
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