우크라이나의 문화상징: 자수와 루슈니키(Rushnyky)
Ukrainian Cultural Symbols: Embroidery and Rushnyky
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자수와 루슈니키(rushnyky)는 동슬라브민족들 사이에 넓게 퍼져있는 전통문화이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 우크라이나인들에게 있어 자수와 루슈니키는 특별한 의미를 가지며, 마치 민족을 대표하는 문화상징과도 같은 존재로 여겨지고 있다. “루슈니키가 없는 집은 집이 아니다”라는 속담이 말해주듯이, 자수가 놓여진 루슈니키는 우크라이나인들의 삶에 있어 반드시 필요한 존재로서 자신들을 보호하고, 탄생과 풍요를 관장하며 신과의 소통을 매개하는 역할을 한다. 본 논문은 시대적 맥락 속에서 우크라이나 자수와 루슈니키의 기능과 역할, 자주 사용되는 모티프와 상징성 등을 고찰하고 그 속에서 우크라이나인들이 표현하고자 했던 염원과 희망, 세계관을 살펴보고 있다.
Abstract
Embroidery and Rushnyky are a traditional culture spread widely among the East Slavs. Nonetheless, for Ukrainians, they have a special meaning and are considered to be a cultural symbol representing Ukrainian nations. As the proverb says, "The house without Rushnyky is not a house," the embroidered Rushnyk is an essential part of the Ukrainian life, protecting them, managing the birth and abundance, mediating communication with God. This paper examines not only the function and role of the Ukrainian embroidery and Rushnyky, but also motifs and symbolism that are frequently used, and examines the aspirations, hopes, and worldviews that the Ukrainians wanted to express in them.
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