일본 풍수에서의 귀문회피(鬼門回避)에 관한 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that fengshui(風水) of having been transmitted to Korea and Japan after having occurred in China, can be applied mutually and differently depending on a situation of each country, by discussing Kimon in Japanese Fengshui and diverse techniques for avoiding this. In Japanese fengshui, Kimon(鬼門) is being regarded as the most inauspicious compass as it means the north eastern compass. Kimon related to fengshui is shown in 『Whangjetaekkeng(黃帝宅經)』(China’s ancient book of judging good or ill luck of housing construction and repair). In Japan, a record on Kimon appears in 『Sakuteiki(作庭記)』(Japan’s ancient fengshui book related to a work of decorating a garden), which was compiled in the 11th century. Even in most books related to Yangtaek(陽宅) following this, the technique for avoiding unlucky compass like Kimon appears. As a result of surveying in this study, a type on Kimon Evasion was indicated to be largely 4 kinds. They were as follows. First, it is act of building Buddhist temple in the northeastern Kimon compass. Second, it is act of building shrine(神社). Third, it is act of ruining corner of building in the northeastern compass. Fourth, it is what tries to remove bad-looking in the northeastern compass by constructing specific position(遊里). Especially, Korea’s Bibo is primarily Form Bibo, which changes bad land into good land. On the other hand, Japan’s Kimon Evasion is being developed to the direction of controlling north-east, which is specific compass. Also, Korea’s geographical Bibo is shown diversely such as forest, Buddhist temple, artificial hills, and geographical name. However, Japan’s Kimon Evasion was being shown in the relatively simple form such as installing Buddhist temple, installing red light districts, and ruining building corner in Kimon compass. Ultimately, the fengshui theory, which happened in China and was spread, was selected in South Korea in the geomantic aspect of focusing mainly on Eumtaek(陰宅), and in Japan in the compass-based aspect of focusing mainly on Yangtaek. This seems to have been indicated to be difference between Bibo and Kimon Evasion.