북경 天橋 예술공간의 표상화 과정

Abstract

In December 2013, Tianqiao was reconstructed. It was the time when an urban culture plaza was recovered after 80-year absence. Reconstruction of Tianqiao and establishment of the performance culture art district are to build a new axis of Cultural Beijing toward the centennial celebration of Tianqiao. Tianqiao is the name given to the bridge the Chinese emperor had to cross to hold the heaven-worshiping rite at the Altar of Heaven and the Xiannong Altar. Then, it became the name of the district of a market and performance art. Numerous talents superb in various techniques and arts such as circus, diaobolo, martial arts, pingshu, shangsheng, dagu gathered here from all corners of China, and Tianqiao became to the place of competition of arts. The arts and techniques they performed here led this district to secure excellence and uniqueness of Chinese culture, and grow to be the mecca of traditional culture. The district became to be the cradle of performance art and acrobatics, essence of Beijing culture, and the origin of folk culture and art. The Chinese government also tries to take over the tradition of the cultural plaza of Tianqiao and the district, and include it as part of the ‘12.5’ Culture Project. Over the history from the end of Qing Dynasty, Xinhai Revolution minguo period, founding of the New China, to Cultural Revolution, Tianqiao maintained its tradition of Cultural China. In addition to providing an urban culture, Tianqiao also played the role of a specialized market which manufactured and supplied major daily items for the royal family, aristocrats and government officials. Around the time of the end of Qing and the early Mingook period, Tianqiao developed as a complex cultural space of commerce and entertainment, together with miaohui. In 2009, the Beijing Municipal Government announced the Accelerated Development Action Project for the chengnan Area In October 2011, xichengqu Beijing, while promoting the plan to establish ‘Performance Art District’, announced a concrete plan for the recovery of traditional culture and expansion of cultural space. On June 20, 2012, xichengqu made an agreement with the National Opera House, China External Culture Corporation, and 19 Art Groups to establish the Tianqiao Performance Art District. The Tianqiao Performance Art District is supposed to a world-class cultural plaza providing the functions of art center, art performance, art exhibition, and leisure, etc. In 2015, it will be completed. The culture and art space of Tianqiao has the meaning beyond the necessity of improving the old and outdated infrastructure to fit the practical use and new image of modern Beijing. It is the process in which culture of scholars, culture of market, culture of miaohui, and culture of performance are collected, and a new traditional space is recreated in Beijing. If such efforts and plans awaken artistic values and meanings of Tianqiao, and stimulate continuous communication among citizens as a traditional cultural space, it will be a very successful case. ‘One Hundred Years Tianqiao, Tianqiao One Hundred Years’ will be realized soon. Whether the traditional cultural plaza newly created after 80 year absence will open an opportunity of convergence and communication will be a barometer measuring the artistic meaning and level of urban cultural space of Beijing.