근대 이전 漢文 記錄을 통해 본 金剛山 表象

Abstract

This paper aimed at extracting icons of Geumgangsan through Chinese records which contained “Geumgangsan” as a material or a title. Names of Geumgangsan ranged from six names such as Geumgang, Gaegol, Pungak, Gidal, Yeolban, Junghyang. Records including Bongrae, another name of Geumgangsan, were relatively few, Geumgangsan was not called other names according to the season until middle of later 19C. Geumgangsan indicated hope of people, as icons of Geumgangsan increased, its names were rose. Therefore gained religion icons, Taoism icon, Buddhism icons, and season icons after 19C added to shape icons, Gaegol, Pungak. The major icons of Geumgangsan were “represented Buddha land - Geumgang”, “dreaming Zen world - Bongrae” and “frisky scenery - Pungak”. Under the faith that the name Geumgang stemmed from the Avatamska, Geumgangsan was recognized as represented Buddha land. In the world of mortals it was typical of never seen scenery, Zen world of Zen scenery which avaliable to deities, and place which everybody desire to play in there. In these icons, Geumgang and Bongrae were made intentionally. Monks of Geumgangsan strove for perceiving to confucian mountaineers when monks led them based that the name Geumgang stemmed from the Avatamska. Confucian mountaineers recorded these story intimately to contradict logically that origin of Geumgangsan was absurd. However these records helped to image Geumgangsan as Buddha land. As a result, confucian mountaineers became recorders. Also records of confucian mountaineers played the most role to make Geumgangsan as a Buddha land. Through their records, Geumgangsan was more embodied for Buddha land to people who never went there. With a name Bongrae, Geumgangsan was described as a Zen world add to Buddha at the same time. But the scenery as dreaming Zen world as beautiful and mysterious view was possible, many objections were existed on insistence that Geumgangsan is Bongraesan in Chinese legend. People did not like that Geumgangsan made to Buddha land and it became Bongraesan. Nevertheless Geumgangsan is called Geumgang as a made icon until today rather than shape icons, Gaegol or Pungak.