중국 명말청초기 즙산학 후계자들에 관한 일고찰

Abstract

Jishan Liu Zong-zhou(1578~1645) is an authentic successor of Yangmingism revered by Huang Zongxi(1610~1695), the most celebrated Confucian scholar during the Mingmo-Qingchu (late Ming and early Qing) period. He emphasized Chengyi (sincerity) and Shendu (restraining in privacy) and formed an academic network, which could be called Jishan School to posterity. Also, among the representative successors, there is Huang Zongxi, who is famous as the author of Mingru Xue'an. He wrote Mingru Xue'an, which brought about the effect imprinting him as a authentic representative successor of Yangmingism and Jishanism. Then, can be the successor of Liu Zong-zhou’s study, that is, Jishanism really represented by Huang Zongxi only? This study starts from raising this question. Thus, this discussion is an introductory inquiry into the successors of Jishan Liu Zong-zhou, who is called the greatest Confucianist in the Mingmo period. Liu Zong-zhou's Academic School, which is also called Jishan School to posterity, was inherited critically and continued ceaselessly until the time when the Ming dynasty collapsed and the Ching dynasty took over. However, methods of inheriting the teacher’s theory developed in various ways by the successors with the stream of the times. Two schools of Neo-Confucianism, Zhuxiism and Yangmingism, were premised by the successors of Jishanism, too, as a reference point in arguing their theories. Some successors inherited their teacher's theory from the position of authentic Yangmingism while other successors absorbed a tendency of Zhuxiism to inherit the teacher's theory critically. Four successors of Jishanism dealt with in this study can be said to construct their independent theory by choosing a method of critical succession in their own approaches.