최근 리투아니아 경제 상황과 정책 제언
Recent Economic Situation in Lithuania and Policy Recommendations
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초록
리투아니아는 1991년 독립 이후 시장경제로의 전환과정을 겪으면서 상대적으로 높은 경제성장률과 국제사회로의 밀접한 통합을 이루었다. 하지만 엄격한 노동시장 규제와 비공식노동과 기술 불일치로 인하여 생산성이 하락하고 있으며 임금과 소득불평등이 높고 젊은 노동인력의 해외이주가 발생하면서 인구노령화가 진전되고 있다. 본 논문은 리투아니아 경제의 생산성 제고와 포용적 성장을 위하여 기업투자환경 개선, 국영기업 성과 제고, 기술혁신 강화, 교육기관의 시장적합성 제고 및 평생학습 계발, 저기술 노동자 및 실업자에 대한 지원 강화, 공공 고용서비스 간 협력 강화, 고기술 이민자 유치, 보육지원 확대 및 보육시설 투자 확충을 향후 정책 방향으로 제시하고 있다.
Abstract
Lithuania has achieved high economic growth rate and close integration in the international community since renewed independence in 1991. Yet productivity is stagnant due to strong labor market regulation, informality and skills mismatch, wage and income inequality are high, and population ageing is advanced because of emigration of the young. For promoting productivity and inclusive growth, Lithuania might need to enhance the corporate investment environment, improve the performance of state enterprises, strengthen technical innovation, increase the market-relevance of the education system, strengthen support for the low-skilled and the unemployed, promote cooperation between public employment services, attract skilled immigrants and expand childcare facilities.
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