唐代 夢遊詩에 나타난 꿈의 形象化와 意味연구 李白의 「夢遊天姥吟留別」과 李賀의 「夢天」을 중심으로

Abstract

This writing intends to examine characteristics and meanings of Dreaming travel Poems in Tang Dynasty, by focusing on works of Li bai and Li he. Dreaming travel poetry mean poetry whose main material are travels in dream as a sub-range of dreaming poetry. Dream is ‘essentially symbolic achievement of unconscious wishes' and Dreaming literature of China is that 'unconscious dream was reborn by poet's imaginary and individual language'. Dreaming travel poetry symbolizes those unconscious wishes of poet through the travel in dream. Dreaming travel poetry is generally organized by ‘Before the dreaming-during the dreaming-after the dreaming’ and has strong narrativity. Li bai's「Tianmu Mountain travel in dream」 has typical structure of dreaming travel poetry and travel of dream was described by circulation structure of 'actuality- fantasy-actuality' under the clear contrast between actuality and dream. A poet connects Tianmu Mountain to immortal world and arrange immortal world which is another world of fantasy in the world of dream. He adopts images of myth and legend, The Songs of Chu, Taoism and Buddhism widely and creates broad and lively space. He expresses longing for the world of unlimited freedom and beauty getting out of the restraint of actuality by meeting tianmu (Tianmu Mountain). On the contrary, Li he changed the legend of Change (lady of moon) banished to the moon and create the dreaming space in 「sky travel of dream」. He emphasizes attributes of sky world which is eternal world and human world which is meaningless world more by arranging them with vertical composition in one scene. Furthermore, he creates the world of dim dream by applying images focusing on touching sense and auditory rather than visual image. For those two poets, the space of dream is getting out of the restrict of time and space in actuality. It plays a role of expressing the restrict paradoxically. For Li bai, dreaming world is free world getting out of the restrict and passage to ideal world. For Li he, dreaming world is eternal world and space which cannot contemplate meaningless actuality. Thus, dreaming world of Li bai and Li he is existing in the opposition of actuality. Dreaming world of Dreaming travel poetry shows actual inconvenience and limitation, not romantic world of escapism as the world of reactionary alternative including the will to relieve or transcend it. In other words, dream and travel in dreaming travel poetry express active will to recognize meaning of world and life by getting out of the poet's daily life under the distance with actuality with artistic form through the literary imaginary.