淸代 皇室 茶文化와 茶詩 創作 - 乾隆의 茶詩에 보이는 심미의식을 중심으로

Abstract

By the Qing Dynasty era, due to political stability and large increases in tea production, tea was diffused to many classes. Owing to this fact, many new methods for making tea were found which considered regional characteristics and the features of tea leaves, resulting in the development of a tea culture. Also in this era, the six tea model, green tea, Chinese fresh tea, white tea, black tea, yellow tea, and dark tea were established. After the Ming Dynasty era, the union of the three major religions, Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism, formed a new mainstream in the era, and the royal family couldn't escape this phenomenon. Especially, many norms implemented by the Qing royal family became the 'Tea Etiquette(茶禮)', making the tea inseparable from the royal family. Because of this, Emperor Qianlong(乾隆), who was personally interested in tea, had esthetic impressions based on the three major religions. Based on these esthetic impressions, he applied his unique lifestyle and values as an Emperor, and his personal taste, in creating chayan(茶宴), chachan(茶禅), chapin(茶品), chading(茶锭) and chajing(茶境), pioneering a new field of the tea culture. Considering this fact, the meanings and the literary merits of the tea poetry of Qianlong should be remembered, and a new approach to researching his poetry, based on the development of the history of tea culture, will be necessary.