학자금대출이 대학재학기간 연장 가능성에 미치는 영향: 소득계층별 분석
The influence of student loans on the students' intentions of extended stay in college by income level
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이 연구에서는 소득계층별로 학자금대출이 대학재학기간 연장 가능성에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 무선표집된 전국 대학 1학년 학생들을 대상으로 조사한 설문조사의 자료를 사용하였다. 분석방법으로는 카이제곱 검정과 다항 로짓분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 대학재학기간 연장 가능성에 대한 학자금대출의 영향은 다른 조건이 동일할 때, 월평균 가계소득이 200만원 미만인 집단에서 모두 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치고 있었다. 그리고 대학재학기간 연장 가능성에 대한 인식수준에 따라 집단 간 차이는 있었지만, 대체로 성별, 가구주의 교육수준, 등록금에 대한 부담 정도, 대학유형, 전공계열, 대학성적, 아르바이트 시간 등이 재학기간에 유의미한 영향을 주는 요인으로 나타났다. 그리고 이러한 경향은 소득계층별 분석에서도 유사하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 학자금대출이 저소득계층 학생들의 대학교육 성과에 보다 긍정적인 영향을 준다는 것을 의미하며, 이들을 위한 보다 적극적인 학자금지원의 필요성을 시사한다.
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of student loans on the students' intentions of extended stay in college by income level. We administered a national survey to a random sample of first-year college students enrolled in junior colleges and universities. A series of analyses were carried out to investigate the net impacts of student loans on one of the key student outcome with a significant policy implication, students' duration of study for a degree. The results showed that, ceteris paribus, college student loans significantly reduced the likelihood of extended college stay for students from the low income families making less then 2 million KRW per month. We also found that while there were differences between the groups according to the degree to which the students perceived the likelihood of their extending college stay, variables, such as gender, parents' educational level, financial needs unmet, institutional type, major, college GPA, and work hours had consistently significant but differential effects on the students' intentions of extended college stay across the varying intention groups regardless of income level. Our study indicates that low income students would benefit from student loans by reducing the duration of study for a degree. We suggest that the government should play a proactive role in student loans targeting low income students to improve social equity.
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