17～18세기 전반 水軍役制의 운영과 변화 ―『兩南水軍變通節目』을 중심으로

Abstract

The aim of this study is to make clear the service system management of the naval forces. With the 17th century set in, the Hosu-Boin system of the naval forces was gradually changing. The Joseon government tried to secure its troops through the reorganization of several systems, but it suffered from hardships. Due to the difficulty with the securement of forces, the government attempted to secure the troops through replacements for military service[Gorip]. In the 6th ruling year of king Hyojong[1654], the replacement system for military service was permitted across the board, and thus the naval forces was dualized into 'Napogun' and 'Geupdaegun.'Afterwards, the issue of wages for labor work came to the fore in earnest. In the 30th ruling year of king Sukjong[1704], the wages for the naval forces were cut to 2 pil from 3 pil as a part of makeshift measures for middle class people, and declared "Yangnamsugunbyeontongjeolmok."'Jeolmok' was initially created for the purpose of reducing the price of the hemp cloth supplied for the naval forces, but it was an overall reformative policy of the naval forces, suggesting the regulations about the reduction of the number of 'Geupdaegun' and boar crew. The major essence of 'Jeolmok'lay in the reduction of the number of Geupdaegun. The 'Jeolmok' stipulated the amount of money remaining after reducing 'Geupdae' should be expended on the wages for officers of the naval forces, meat foods, and miscellaneous cost, etc. and final remainder should be reported to "Bibyeonsa." Afterwards, it seems that the reform of 'Jeolmok' demonstrated effects to some degree. In comparison with the 30th ruling year of king Sukjong[1704], the number of naval forces per front line greatly increased in the 36th ruling year of king Youngjo. After all, the management of active soldiers in the naval forces prior to 'supplying hemp cloth for the miitary' and the number of isolated people afterwards were all reflected in "Yangnamsugunbyeontongjeolmok." Through this, it is known that the naval forces policy executed by the Joseon government, rather than a process of taxation, was determined in the mutual process between the principle of keeping the initially adhered military service system and the realistic aspect of 'Geupdae' at that time.