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현장실습의 반성적 사고 과정에 나타난 중등 예비 음악 교사의 교수내용지식(PCK) 변화 탐색

An Exploratory Study on the Change of Preservice Music Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge through Reflective Practice in Field-teaching Setting

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본 연구의 목적은 현장실습의 반성적 사고 과정에 나타난 중등 예비 음악 교사들의 교수내용지식(PCK)의 변화를 분석하는 것이었다. 이를 위해 서울 소재 A 교육대학원 ‘교직음악현장의 이해’ 과목을 수강한 18명의 학생을 대상으로 설문지, 성찰 저널, 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 현장실습의 반성적 사고 과정을 경험한 후 예비 음악 교사들의 음악교육의 목적 지식, 수업 전략 지식, 학생 지식, 평가지식, 환경적 맥락 지식은 확대되고 다변화되었다. 이러한 결과는 예비 음악 교사의 PCK 발전을 위해서 이들이 교과 내용, 수업 전략, 교과교육의 목적 등 다양한 영역에 대해서 비판적으로 사고하고 이러한 영역을 개선하기 위한 방안 등을 끊임없이 모색하고 고민할 수 있는 기회를 제공해야 할 필요성을 나타내었다. 둘째, 현장실습에서 학생들과의 직접적인 소통을 하고 이에 대해서 반성적인 사고를 한 경험은 예비 음악교사들이 PCK를 발전시키는데 중요한 요인이었다. 학습자와 소통함으로써 이들을 더 잘 이해하게 된 것이 학생 지식뿐만 아니라 음악교육의 목적 지식과 수업 전략 지식에도 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 동료들과의 토론과 협동은 예비 음악 교사들의 현장에 대한 반성적 사고를 촉진시켜주고 이를 통해 이들이 PCK를 발전시키는데 도움이 되었다.

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to investigate pedagogical content knowledge of preservice music teachers who experienced reflective practice in field-teaching setting. The participants were 18 students who enrolled in the course titled by ‘Practice in Music Education Professional Careers,’ and they participated in survey, reflective journal, and individual interviews. The summary of research results was as follows. First, reflective practice was an important component to enable participants to deepen PCK. Therefore, it is necessary to provide preservice music teachers with an opportunity to think critically about music contents, teaching strategies, and the purpose of music education and explore new alternatives and better methods. Second, direct communication with students and reflective practice on this experience greatly helped preservice music teachers develop their PCK. Especially, better understanding about students had positive influence on sense of purpose toward music teaching and teaching representations as well as knowledge on learners. Third, cooperation with peers helped preservice music teachers promote their reflective thinking and develop PCK.

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