1980년대 중국 조선족의 반간첩 혁명서사와 국가적 정체성

Abstract

Focusing on Ryu Won-mu’s Fire in the Woods, an extremely rare anti-espionage novel in the history of Chinese Korean literature, this paper discusses what Ryu Won-mu wants to say through the anti-espionage revolution narration and the reasons why the anti-espionage revolution narration is needed by Chinese Koreans by observing and analyzing the relationship between this and the emphasis on the national identity of the Chinese Koreans. The novel first defines the nature of the anti-espionage struggle as the rear war of the war of “resisting US aggression and aiding Korea”, which shows the extension of the war. The novel also traces back to the history before the victory of the Anti Japanese War to reflect the historicity of the anti-espionage struggle and to show that both the war of “resisting US aggression and aiding Korea” and the anti-espionage struggle are rooted in the class opposition that is the main contradiction of China’s old society before Liberation. Especially this novel stands on the perspective of Liberation to show that class differentiation and opposition in the past have become the decisive standard for the Chinese Koreans to decide to “stay” or “escape”. Thus, it especially shows how the members of the people’s regime of new China, that is, the citizens of new China formed and how they obtained the national qualification of new China. According to this formula, the Koreans who had cooperated or served with Japanese imperialism and opposed, attempted to destroy and overthrow the people’s regime of new China were expelled from New China. On the contrary the Koreans who hated Japanese imperialism took part in the revolution after the demise of Japanese imperialism, defended the people’s regime of new China under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and worked hard for the construction of new China so as to obtain the national qualification of new China. The novel shows that the national qualification of new China is determined by transcending the nation and based on class differentiation. The novel defines the nature of the Korean War as the aggressive war of American imperialism, so as to confirm the national qualification of the Korean nationality. Lee Taejun, a Korean writer who also defined the Korean War as a war of aggression by US imperialism, published the travel essay, Great New China at the end of 1951 from the stand point of thorough Korean nationalism and the subjectivity of the motherland Korea. Compared with it, by highlighting Chinese Koreans’ anti-espionage struggle and their contributions, meritorious deeds and active performance in the Korean War, Chinese Korean writer Ryu Won-mu shows the patriotism and national identity of Chinese Korean people who defend and are absolutely loyal to the motherland China. In this way, the Korean people can finally get rid of the historical fetters that they have been suspected of being “North Korean spy” and “South Korean spy” in political movements and turmoil during the period from the founding of the people’s Republic of China to the cultural revolution, and establish their national identity as dignified Chinese citizens.