고려시대 宮人의 職制와 생활
A Study on the Office System and Life of Court Ladies in Goryeo
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This article studied the system and life of court ladies during the Goryeo dynasty. The research was carried out as follows; First, the researcher analyzed the words and examples connected with the court ladies. There were many similar vocabulary, for examples Gung-In(宮人), Gung-Nyeo(宮女), Nae-Jung(內中), Nae-In(內人), Gung-A(宮娥), Si-Nyeo(侍女), and so on. Among these words, Nae-In sometimes meant the male palace attendants. Especially Gung-In signified the royal harem concubines as well as attendants within the royal court. Next, the author dealt with the organization of court ladies and their status. Court ladies were basically persons of low birth. A number of court ladies were estimated hundreds of people. And then the palace women except the empress belonged to women's ranking system. Imperial concubines occupied the rank's upper tier, and were classified as Nei Guan(內官). Court ladies laid to the lower tier, and were classified as Gung Guan(宮官). But Imperial concubines or the wives of government officials were appointed Gung Guan in Goryeo dynasty. It is the important difference with Chinese and Josun system. Finally, the researcher analyzed affairs and lives of court ladies. They worked within six bureaus serving the Empress and Nei Guan in both ceremonial and daily life. If court ladies gave birth to a prince, she turned into imperial concubine. But she didn't free from her birth, so her son and daughter were discriminated. It means that women's origin was very important in Goryeo dynasty. Also it says that Goryeo wasn't patriarchal society, women didn't belong to men.
Abstract
This article studied the system and life of court ladies during the Goryeo dynasty. The research was carried out as follows; First, the researcher analyzed the words and examples connected with the court ladies. There were many similar vocabulary, for examples Gung-In(宮人), Gung-Nyeo(宮女), Nae-Jung(內中), Nae-In(內人), Gung-A(宮娥), Si-Nyeo(侍女), and so on. Among these words, Nae-In sometimes meant the male palace attendants. Especially Gung-In signified the royal harem concubines as well as attendants within the royal court. Next, the author dealt with the organization of court ladies and their status. Court ladies were basically persons of low birth. A number of court ladies were estimated hundreds of people. And then the palace women except the empress belonged to women's ranking system. Imperial concubines occupied the rank's upper tier, and were classified as Nei Guan(內官). Court ladies laid to the lower tier, and were classified as Gung Guan(宮官). But Imperial concubines or the wives of government officials were appointed Gung Guan in Goryeo dynasty. It is the important difference with Chinese and Josun system. Finally, the researcher analyzed affairs and lives of court ladies. They worked within six bureaus serving the Empress and Nei Guan in both ceremonial and daily life. If court ladies gave birth to a prince, she turned into imperial concubine. But she didn't free from her birth, so her son and daughter were discriminated. It means that women's origin was very important in Goryeo dynasty. Also it says that Goryeo wasn't patriarchal society, women didn't belong to men.
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