중국 ‘역사지리학’ 지적구조와 연구자 네트워크

Abstract

Historical Geography was started as an auxiliary study to History in China. Though it belongs to the discipline of Geography in the modern academic system, it is still a major subfield of the history. This could be explained as an active scholarly response to cope with external circumstances as well as the succession of the tradition. While the researchers in the historical field tried to adopt the concept of territory, nation, construction of the classic historical geography, the geographers focused on the accumulation of knowledge concerning physical geology. Therefore the making of historical atlas was led by historians and the existing nation and territory were described as the historical precedent in historical atlas, which enabled history as an important status in historical geography. After the reform and opening up, newly organized research institutes have proceeded various anthropogeological studies to support the massive discourse, “multi-nation, unified country and global order”, under the national support and governmental fund. On the other hand, geographers went beyond the boundaries of traditional geography and tried to reinterpret and localize geography, which resulted in the development of cultural geography and coincided with the direction of historical geography. Through the analysis of researcher's network, Fudan University, which prepared the worldwide spread of GIS, has been the center of the study of historical geography. It also showed that the researcher's network of the anthropogeography was closer and more inclusive compared to that of the historical physical geology, which proved the dominant academic influence of history. Thus the academic identity of historical geography, whether it belongs to history or geography, became a good example to demonstrate the characteristics of introduction and development of modern study in China and the relation between Chinese intellectual group and the state.