1930년대 楊開道의 향촌건설방안과 ‘中國 鄕約制度’ 연구

Abstract

In this article I focus on the mechanism of action between the intellectuals and the modern knowledge imported from the West which is inherent in the study of Chinese township regulations, maintaining the same perspective as the previous studies suggesting that Yang Kai Dao's research on township regulations is a part of rural sociology research. Yang Kai Dao argued the rural autonomy should be established to solve the plights in rural areas. While he contemplated the function of rural institutions through which rural autonomy could have been realized, His focus of research extended to the Chinese township regulations system. His study on the Chinese township regulations was to examine the rural autonomy in China historically from the perspective of rural governance. He analyzed the township regulations in terms of the modern organizational theory and pointed out civil administration over the bureaucracy as the essence. He highly appreciated the civilian character led by the intellectual elite of the Lushi township regulations, so it was inevitable that he criticized their corruption. By referring to the process in which Liang Shuming's rural construction movement was put into practice, he contemplated how to apply township regulations and insisted that organizations should be combined so as not to stay in theory. He believed that through education and the conscious efforts of the community it was possible to instill awareness of civil rights in farmers. He also believed that and rural leaders who play important roles in self-governing rural organizations should also have modern knowledge and a basic understanding on rural autonomy. Throughout his research on township, I couldless that he thought the modern learning from the West was needed for rural autonomy. Thus, it was validated that the mechanism for spreading modern knowledge through the rural village construction movement was functioning in Yang Kai Dao's village construction plan.