공급기반 세분화 전략의 재조명: 글로벌 자동차산업을 중심으로 한 교차검증 및 확장
Revisiting the Supplier Segmentation Strategy: Cross-validations and Extensions based on the Global Automotive Industry
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초록
연구목적: 지금까지 기업의 공급망 구조에 관한 연구는 활발하게 진행되어왔지만, 공급기반(supply base)의 구조적 특성을 살펴본 연구는 부족했다. 본 연구에서는 중심 구매기업의 공급기반에 속해 있는 1차 공급기업들의 중요도나 역할이 각자 다를 수 있다는 점에 주목하여, Dyer et al.(1998)의 연구에서 제시된 공급기반 구조에 대한 세분화 전략을 글로벌 공급망 데이터를 활용하여 실증적으로 검증하고 확장하고자 한다. 논문구성/논리: 이를 위해 본 연구는 FactSet Supply Chain Relationship Database, 2020년 Forbes Global 2000를 활용해 미국, 독일, 일본, 한국, 중국의 상위 3개의 완성차 제조기업 총 15개사의 공급기반 구조를 실증적으로 살펴보았다. 결과: 오늘날 글로벌 완성차 제조기업들은 상당히 높은 비율로 공통공급기업을 공급기반에 두고 있으며 전략적 자재를 담당하는 공급기업들도 공통공급기업으로 활약하고 있는 것을 확인하였다. 독창성/가치: 이는 Dyer et al.(1998)에서 가장 효과적인 공급기반 세분화 전략으로 제안된 공통공급기업의 기준이 변화되었다고 볼 수 있으며, 오늘날에 맞는 공급기반 세분화 전략 개발의 필요성을 보여주고 있다.
Abstract
Purpose: Research on the supply chain structure has been actively conducted, but the existing literature has overlooked the structural characteristics of the supply base. In this study, focusing on that the importance and role of tier 1 suppliers belonging to the supply base of a focal buying firm may differ, we aim to empirically validate and extend a theory of the supply base structure proposed by Dyer et al.(1998) by utilizing global supply chain data. Composition/Logic: To this end, this study empirically examined the supply base structures of 15 top automobile manufacturers in the United States, Germany, Japan, Korea, and China, using the FactSet Supply Chain Relationship Database and the 2020 Forbes Global 2000. Findings: It was found that global automobile manufacturers have a high proportion of common suppliers in their supply base, and several suppliers responsible for strategic materials are also active as common suppliers. Originality/Value: This can be seen as a change in the criteria for the most effective supply base segmentation strategy proposed by Dyer et al. (1998), highlighting the need to develop a new supply base segmentation strategy that is appropriate for today's circumstances.
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