试述刘宗周《人谱》的写作背景及过程

Abstract

Book of the Human (jen-pu) is the most important works of Liu Zongzhou. It was produced in such backgroundings: During the middle and late Ming Dynasty period, Wang Longxi, Zhou Haimen , Tao Shikui, Tao Shiliang and so on, the representatives of Yangming School of Central Zhejiang, emphasized too much on the insight into the noumenon, thus overlooked the effort of moral practices, and gradually even confluenced with learning of Zen. Living in such circumstances, in order to changed this trend, Liu Zongzhou spared no effort to argue with the school of Tao Shiliang. Meanwhile, under the influences of Combination of Three Religion s(Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism), as the production of Combination of Three Religions, Ledgers of Merit and Demerit (kung kuo ko) began to popularize among people and the secularization of Confucian ethic was very obvious. The school of Shiliang imitated the Ledgers of Merit and Demerit of Tai Wei Xian Jun(Tai Wei Xian Jun Kung Kuo Ko) written by You Xuanzi in Jin Dynasty and Records of Self-detection(Zi Zhi Lu) of Lian Chi Zhu Hong in the Ming Dynasty to write the Ledgers of Changing to Good and Correcting Mistakes(Qian Gai Ko), which recorded merits and demerits equally and even turned to comeuppances. For the above reasons, Liu Zongzhou wrote Book of the Human to modify the abuses of the School of Post Yangming and reconstructed the moral order of elites of Confucian. Liu Zongzhou once reworked Book of the Human thrice and wrote two prefaces for them. In order to clearly disclose the process, this article described the samenesses and differences between them in detail.