경주 掛陵의 문헌적 고찰

Abstract

The Gwoereung Royal Tomb in Gyeongju has been widely known due to the popularity of the stone sculpture of foreigners in the Gwoereung zone, receiving attention for a long time. It is clearly one of royal tombs from Silla Dynasty, however, its name is confusing to estimate whom the tomb belonged to. Present study is to identify the historical facts that the Gwoereung is wrongfully known as the tomb of the King Munmu. First, discussion on Silla royal tomb triggered by the 「Rareung Jinanseol」 is examined. Hwagye had claimed in the 「Rareung Jinanseol」 that there were 11 royal tombs but an issue was raise as 17 tombs were added in the time of King Youngjo (1730). Wrongful facts are corrected by comparing 28 royal tomb names recorded in 『Hongjaejeonseo』 and 『Ilseongrok』 recorded in the time of King Jeongjo. 『Sinjeung Donggukyeoji Seungram』 has recordings of taking care of 28 roayal tombs in the time of King Jeongjo adding 18 royal tombs in the time of King Youngjo to the 10 royal tombs of Silla Dynasty. Literatures on Silla royal tombs are examined to identify all royal tombs we have come to know. Second, the name Gwoereung began to show up in historical writings in the late Joseon period. It was called Gwoereung back then without knowing whose tomb it was. Then, soon after, it was known to be the tomb of the King Munmu. Such fact was examined through the Gyeongju Yeureokgi written by Confucian scholars in late Joseon. Third, establishment of Wonseongwangreung royal tomb was examined as it appeared in 「Daesungboksabimun」 by Choi Chiwon. In it, descendants of the Queen Wonseong was known as ‘Gokreunggonson’ which might be the origin of the name Gwoereung. Through the popular trend among the Confucian scholars, ‘Gwoereung’ might have been derived from ‘Gokreung’.